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Detailed Ecological Assessment Report 2008 – Keenjhar Lake changes that may be natural or may be mane e.g. flooding of habitats. Migration and hibernation can also affect reptile and amphibian species. Table 41 – Species richness and diversity index for reptile and amphibian species recorded from Keenjhar Lake S.n Type of index o Keti Keenjh Chotiari Pai Keti Bunder ar Lake Reservoir Forest Shah 1 Richness (number of species) 27 23 31 18 16 2 Evenness 0.4526 0.6787 0.4563 0.6948 0.5376 3 Shannon Index 2.503 2.748 2.649 2.526 2.152 4 Margalef Index 3.823 3.506 4.127 3.237 2.845 Figure 31 – Evenness of reptile and amphibian species across sites Evenness value 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0.45 Keti Bunder 0.68 Keenjhar Lake 0.46 Chotiari Reservoir Site WWF Pakistan – Indus for All Programme Page 135 of 188 0.69 0.54 Pai Forest Keti Shah Evenness Figure 32 – Shannon and Margalef index for reptile and amphibian species for all sites Diversity index 4.5 4 3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 2.50 Keti Bunder 3.82 Keenjhar Lake 3.51 4.13 2.75 2.65 2.53 Chotiari Reservoir Site Pai Forest 3.24 2.15 Keti Shah 2.85 Shannon Index Margalef Index
Detailed Ecological Assessment Report 2008 – Keenjhar Lake In the Margalef index Chotiari Reservoir shows the highest level of diversity whereas the Shannon index gives Keenjhar Lake as the highest. The former does not take into evenness so may be biased by the difference in animal counts. Overall Keti Shah has the lowest diversity in both analysis followed by Pai Forest. Reasons for the difference can be complex and need investigation to establish what is driving the diversity at each site. 4.4 Avi-fauna 4.4.1 Summary 4.4.1.1 Keti Bunder The main habitats in Keti Bunder are coastal areas, creeks, agriculture and fruit farms, and riverine and estuarine area (Karo Chhan). A total of 68 species of birds were recorded during the summer surveys. Out of these 68 species recorded 22 were water birds, 6 birds of prey, and 25 passerines along with pigeons, doves, mynas, kingfishers, parakeets, cuckoos, bee-eaters and woodpeckers. Blue rock-pigeon, Common myna and Common-babbler were quite common Grey and Black Partridges and Rain quails are they key species at this site. Along with the above mentioned birds 3 species were over summering bird’s viz. Curlew Eurasian Redshank and Osprey along with the summer breeding visitor, Pied Crested Cuckoo. The majority of the birds were found to in forest areas, cultivated land and orchards. The main creek area comprises of Hajamro, Chann, Khobar and Bhoori creeks. A total of 91 species of birds were recorded in the winter surveys 50 species were resident, 32 winter visitors, 7 were irregular year-round visitors and 2 passage migrants. 2 species were rare and 6 species were scarce. The important species recorded were; Painted Stork, Black-headed Ibis, Common quail, Black-bellied tern, Rufous-fronted Prinia, Paradise flycatcher and Rosy pastor. 4.4.1.2 Keenjhar Lake The main habitats for birds in Keenjhar Lake are marshes, agriculture areas, fallow land, stony areas and desert habitat. There are agriculture fields in the north, east and western sides with an embankment on the southern side. Between the bund and the National Highway, there are marshy areas with villages around the lake. In the north is the town of Jhimpeer. There is a stony area and desert habitat the astern and western Side. A total of 57 species of birds were recorded in summer out of which 20 were water birds, three raptors, twenty five passerines and twelve other including Pigeons, Doves, Cuckoos, Bee-eaters etc. Two early migrants’ viz. barn swallow and green sandpiper were recorded. The most common Bird species of Keenjhar Lake were Little grebe, Little cormorant, Pond heron, Little egret, Pond heron, Red-wattled lapwing, Blue rock-pigeon, Collared dove, Little brown-dove Little Green Bee-eater, Bank myna and Streaked-weaver. Grey partridge, Purple heron and Chestnut-bellied sandgrouse are the key species. During the winter surveys, the main lake associated marshes, agricultural fields, vicinity of villages, fish farm areas, grass field, bunds of the lake and another wetland viz Jhol Dhand were surveyed. A total of 98 species of birds were recorded. Out of which 51 were resident, 42 winter visitors 03 were irregular yearround visitors and two passage migrants. Most of the birds were found on or near WWF Pakistan – Indus for All Programme Page 136 of 188
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