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Detailed Ecological Assessment Report 2008 – Keenjhar Lake It can be concluded that the index runs (highest firsts) as Keti Bunder >Pai Forest>Keenjhar lake >Chotiari Reservoir>Keti Shah. It is important to note that species similarity and species diversity increases from Keti Bunder to Keti Shah 4.4.3.2 Winter surveys Table 46 and Figure 36 show the biodiversity index for winter results at Keenjhar Lake. Table 46 – Biodiversity index for sites surveyed during winter S.no Site Biodiversity index 1 Keti Bunder 0.02 2 Keenjhar Lake 0.007 3 Pai Forest 0.044 4 Chotiari Reservoir 0.005 5 Keti Shah 0.032 Figure 36 – Biodiversity Index of bird species during winter across all sites Keti Bunder Keenjhar Lake Pai Forest Chotiari Reservoir Keti Shah It is evident from the lower values of biodiversity index in the above table and graph that the avifauna is not diverse. However, the sites can be arranged on a scale of species diversity in descending order as: Pai Forest > Keti Shah > Keti Bunder> Keenjhar lake > Chotiari Reservoir Again Pai Forest has the highest index followed by Keti Shah and then Keti Bunder. This is quite unusual since all of these sites are subjected to environmental degradation, especially Pai Forest. It would have been expected that the three wetlands, Chotiari Reservoir, Keti Bunder and Keenjhar Lake would have been on top, especially for avifauna. Coming to the similarity index, the following list and Figure X gives the similarity values across all sites Similarity Index WWF Pakistan – Indus for All Programme Page 145 of 188
Detailed Ecological Assessment Report 2008 – Keenjhar Lake o Similarity Index Keenjhar Lake and Keti Bunder = 0.51 o Similarity Index Keenjhar Lake and Chotiari Reservoir = 0.62 o Similarity Index Keenjhar Lake and Keti Shah = 0.5 o Similarity Index Keenjhar Lake and Pai Forest = 0.62 o Similarity Index Keti Bunder and Chotiari Reservoir = 0.43 o Similarity Index Keti Bunder and Keti Shah = 0.45 o Similarity Index Keti Bunder and Pai Forest = 0.48 o Similarity Index Chotiari Reservoir and Keti Shah = 0.52 o Similarity Index Chotiari Reservoir and Pai Forest = 0.43 o Similarity Index Keti Shah and Pai Forest = 0.58 Figure 37 – Similarity Index for birds recorded during winter across all sites Index value 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0.62 0.56 0.62 0.59 0.53 Keenjhar Lake and Chotiari Reservoir Keenjhar Lake and Keti Bunder 0.68 0.68 Keenjhar Lake and Pai Forest Keenjhar Lake and Keti Shah Keti Bunder and Chotiari Reservoir Site comparison Keti Bunder and Keti Shah 0.6 0.54 Keti Bunder and Pai Forest 0.64 Chotiari Reservoir and Pai Forest Chotiari Reservoir and Keti Shah Keti Shah and Pai Forest From above table and graph, higher values of similarity index show that Keenjhar lake-Chotiari Reservoir and Keenjhar-Pai Forest have much common species composition as compared to other pairs of sites. Pairs of sites can be arranged on a scale of similar species composition in descending order as: Keenjhar lake -Chotiari Wetlands Complex and Keenjhar- Pai Forest > Shah Belo-Pai Forest > Chotiari Wetlands Complex- Shah Belo > Keenjhar lake- Keti Bunder> Keenjhar lake- Shah Belo> Keti Bunder- Pai Forest> Keti Bunder- Shah Belo > Keti Bunder- Chotiari Wetlands Complex > Chotiari Wetlands Complex- Pai Forest Finally coming to the diversity index for the sites, Table 47 and Figure 38 show the Simpson’s index for all the sites during winter. Table 47 – Simpson’s Index of all sites in winter S.no Site name Index 1 Keti Bunder 0.93 2 Keenjhar lake 0.82 3 Pai Forest 0.94 4 Chotiari Reservoir 0.91 5 Keti Shah 0.94 Figure 38 – Simpson’s index for all sites WWF Pakistan – Indus for All Programme Page 146 of 188
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