A Comprehensive Treatise on Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry

166 INORGANIC AND THEORETICAL, CHEMISTRY
cally oxidized in the presence of platinum. Water retards the activity of the
catalyst on the alkoxides. An e.m.f. is developed when electrodes of platinized
and smooth platinum are dipped in an alcoholic soln. of sodium alkoxide. M. Tauber
studied the voltaic potential of platinum during hydrogenations, and R. Koppen,
the effect of the substance supporting the platinum on its catalytic action.
M. S. Platonoff studied the adsorption of fumaric, maleic, itaconic, mesoconic, and
citraconic acids. B. Bruns and co-workers studied the formation of acid oxides
on the surface of platinized charcoal ; E. B. Maxted and V. Stone, the poisoning
of the catalyst. W. E. Grove and A. S. Loevenhaut said that the supposed hydrolysis
of starch by platinum black is really due to the presence of platinum oxides
in the platinum black. M. S. Platonoff and co-workers studied the adsorption of
organic acids by platinum black ; W. H. Carothers and R. Adams, and M. Faillebin,
the hydrogenation of aldehydes and ketones ; F. Sigmund, the hydrogenation of
phenylacetaldehyde di-n-propylacetal, cinnamaldehyde diethylacetal, and benzaldehyde
diethylacetal ; H. P. van Beck, formaldehyde ; V. Haas, G. Kab,
C. N. Hinshelwood and B. Topley, H. C. Tingey and C. N. Hinshelwood,
C. H. D. Clark and B. Topley, and E. Muller and co-workers, formic acid ; and
F. Berezovskaya and co-workers, fumaric and maleic acids in light. A. Skita
noted the greater activity of colloidal platinum over spongy platinum in the
hydrogenation of the nucleus of cyclic compounds—phenylene-2-acetic-2-propionic
acid, benzylamine, £-phenylethylamine, iso-quinoline. J. W. Kern and co-workers
studied the reduction of olefines ; A. S. Ginsberg and A. P. Ivanoff, the hydrogenation
of aliphatic compounds ; J. S. Pierce and co-workers, the reduction of
furylalkylcarbinols ; H. Heckel and R. Adams, the reduction of aminophenols
to cyclic amino-alcohols ; N. D. Zelinsky and M. B. Turowa-Pollak, benzene :
W. H. Carothers and R. Adams, the reduction of aldehydes—e.g. benzaldehyde ;
E. Waser, benzoic acid, nitroantipyrine, vanillylidehippuric acid, antipyrine,
benzamido-cinnamic acid, and cinnamyl alcohol ; R. Willstatter and F. Seitz,
naphthalene ; W. E. Kaufmann and R. Adams, furfuraldehyde ; M. Faillebin,
aldehydes and ketones ; H. JJ. Lochte and co-workers, and K. A. Taipale, azines,
ketazines, semicarbazones, and phenylhydrazones ; G. Vavon, limonene ; G. Vavon
and A. Husson, cyelohexane, nitrobenzene, cinnamic acid, and acetophenone ;
R. Willstatter and D. Jaquet, indole* and the anhydrides of the o-dicarboxylic
acids—e.g. phthalic anhydride and naphthalic anhydride-phthalic acid, naphthalic
acid, and p-toluic acid ; R. Willstatter and D. Hatt, benzene, naphthalene, durene,
phenol, aniline, benzoic acid, pyrrole, w?o-ha*mopyrrole, m-chlorotoluene, and allyl
bromide ; K. Hess, a.-l-methylpyrrylpropane-/J-ol, 2-pyrrylpropane-/Jy-diol,
2-acetylpyrrole, and 2-propionylpyrrole ; C. Paal and W. Hartmann, and C. Paal
and A. Schwarz, phenylpropiolic acid ; J. Boeseken and co-workers, cinnamic,
muconic, aconitic, itaconic, citraconic, mesaconic, cyclopropane-1 : 1-dicar boxy lie,
ethylenetricarboxylic, and \ inylglycollic acids ; F. Sigmund, the hydrogenation of
aromatic aldehydes ; E. W. R. Steacie and H. N. Campbell, the decomposition of
ether ; P. C. Allen and C. N. Hinshelwood, the decomposition of acetaldehyde ;
the decomposition of benzoyl peroxide and hydroperoxide, by F. I. Berezovskaya
and O. Semikhatova ; N. I). Zelinsky and A. A. Balandin, the dehydrogenations
of decahydronaphthalene ; G. Cusmano and E. Cattini noted the catalytic oxidation
of buchu-camphor in the presence of platinum black ; E. Muller and K. Schwabe,
the oxidation of alcohol ; E. W. R. Steacie and H. N. Campbell, the decomposition
of ether ; M. S. Platonoff and co-workers, the adsorption of organic acids ;
V. Grignard, the hydrogenation of tertiary methylheptenols ; R. Willstatter and
E. W. Leitz, aromatic compounds ; H. Wieland, the dehydrogenation of dextrose,
gluconic acid, lactic acid, phenol, m-cresol, guaiacol, pyrogallol, aniline, alcohol,
and acetaldehyde, but not tyrosine and uric acid ; R. Willstatter and E. W. Mayer,
benzoic acid, erucyl alcohol, geraniol, phytol, and cholesterol ; C. Paal and
J. Gerum, fumaric, maleic, and cinnamic acids, methyl cinnamate, and nitrobenzene
; according to O. Loew and K. Aso, platinum black converts maleic into