A Comprehensive Treatise on Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry

194 INORGANIC AND THEORETICAL, CHEMISTRY
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§ 16. Intermetallic Compounds, and Alloys of Platinum
J. Dewar and A. Scott * observed that platinum is very strongly attacked by
the vapour of the alkali metals. According to H. Davy, platinum-potassium alloys
are readily formed since the two metals when heated together unite with incandescence,
forming a brittle, shining mass. H. Davy observed that the alloy of
potassium and platinum burns when heated in air, forming a yellow powder which
gives off oxygen when heated, and is decomposed by water. K. A. IJofmann and
H. Hiendlmaier observed that if potassium is melted with platinum in air, the
product passes into soln. as potassium platinate. H. Davy likewise prepared
platinum-sodium alloys. C. T. Heycock and F. H. Neville observed that platinum
is insoluble in molten sodium. J. Dewar and A. Scott noted that platinum is
attacked by the vapour of sodium, and V. Meyer added that sodium vapour, in
nitrogen, begins to attack platinum at a red-heat, and the attack is greater, the
higher the temp. F. Haber and M. Sack, and M. Sack observed that platinum
takes up sodium when heated to redness in the vapour of the alkali metal, and when
the metal is afterwards treated with water, it becomes loose and porous on the
surface. According to A. Brester, a sodium-platinum alloy is formed by the
electrolysis of sodium sulphate with a platinum cathode. P. G. Ehrhardt found
that platinum-lithium alloys are harder than platinum itself.
According to A. F. Gehlen, 2 platinum-COpper alloys are readily formed at a
white-heat ; and E. D. Clarke obtained the alloy by melting equal weights of the
two metals in the oxyhydrogen flame. H. Ie Chatelier observed that at its m.p.,
copper gives off sufficient vapour to corrode platinum. Alloys were also made
by C. S. Brainin, C. Winkler, J. Murray, C Barus, and F. Doerinckel. According
to C. Krug, the two metals form alloys in all proportions. E. M. Wise and coworkers
studied the use of the platinum-copper alloys for dental purposes. B. N. Sen
discussed the diffusion of copper into platinum. The f.p. curve, Fig. 29, falls
continuously from the m.p. of platinum to that of copper, and there is therefore a
continuous series of solid soln. As pointed out by G. Tammann, no compound
appears on the curve although C. Krug was under the impression that a platinum
cupxide, PtCu, is formed. The subject was discussed by K. Bornemann, E. Janecke,