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bearing small 5 petaled white flowers in cluster at the top of the
brunches. In autumn small fruits are ripen and beautifully red.
The roots have knots, though there are straight roots. The roots
art; dried for medicine.
431. Panax ginseng, C. A. Mey., Jap. Ninjin, Kano-
nige-kusa ; a perennial herb of the order Araliaceae introduced
and cultivated. In third year after sowing, the stems grow about
2 fts. high, and bear flowers and seeds. It resembles the preceding
in shape, and the main roots are large. The roots are steamed
and dried for medicine, and much exposted to China.
432. Cormis officinalis, S. et Z., Jap. Sanshuyu ; a
deciduous tree of the order Cornacea?, growing
about 10 fts. in
fields. It bears small fine yellow flowers in cluster before sprouting
in spring. In autumn the oblong red aciduous fruits are
collected and dried for medicine.
433. Sambucus racemosa, L. , Jap. Niwatoko, Kitad.su ;
a deciduous shrub of the order Caprifoliaceas growing wild or
planted in gardens, attaining to a height of 10 fts. Late in spring
small round red
it bears small white flowers in an umbel, forming
r yellow fruits. The stems and flowers are dried for medicine. A
good edible fungus called Kikurage grows on the rotten stem.
434. Lonicera COnfusa, Dl.. Jap. Suikadsura ; a
.
deciduous wild climber of the order CaprifoliaceaB. In the
beginning of summer it produces puqilish white fragrant flowers
on the axils of leaves. The flowers gradually turn yellow as they
become old, and they are dried for medicine. It produces black
round fruits. The vines and leaves are dried and used instead
of tea.
435. Uncaria rhychophylla, Miq. t Jap. Kagikatsura ;
;m evergreen climbing plant of the order Rubiaceae, growing wild
in warm regions. Late in autumn it bears small light brown
flowers in the form of a ball about an inch large. The leaves grow
opposite, and a hooked spine grows in the root of each leaf. The
spines are used for medicine.