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those with double and white flowers. They are very fragrant.
The bark of the root is used for dying brown. In the district of
Akita in Province Ugo it is used to dye
632. Pyrus japonica, Th., var. genuina, Max., Jap.
Boke, Karaboke ; a garden shrub of the order Rosaceae attaining
to a height of 6-7 f ts. In spring before sprouting it bears pretty
flowers, which are red, white, or variegated. The fruits are oval
.and 2-3 inches long, resembling Pyrus cydonia (191), but smaller
It is used in the same way, and also as a medicine.
633. Pyrus japonica, 77/., var. pygma3a, Max., Jap.
Kusa-boke, No-boke, Skidomi ; a wild shrub of the order Rosaceaa
attaining to a height of 1-2 fts. In early summer it bears red
flowers. There is a garden variety with white flowers. Late in
autumn, the fruits ripen and are edible.
634. Pyrus spectabilis, Sit., Jap. Kaido ; a garden-
tree of the order Rosacea? attaining to a height of about 10 fts.
In spring it produces flowers on long peduncles. When they are
still in buds, their colour is red, but when they open the outside
of the petals is white and pink, and the inside is red. Sometimes
they yield small round fruits a little larger than those of Nandina
domestica.
634. b. Pyrus, Jap. Nagasaki-ringp, Ko-ringo, Minari-
kaido ; a tree resembling very much the preceding, growing a
little larger. It is used to graft the preceding. The flowers are
larger and lighter. It yields small apple-like fruits, which are
yellow when ripe and are edible.
635. Pyrus, Jap. Rinki, Rinkin, Beni-ringo ; a garden
tree of the order Rosaceae growing in cold regions, attaining to a
height of 40-50 fts. Its flowers resemble apple- flowers, but
smaller. The buds are red, and white when open. It yields
many red fruits, which are good to eat.
636. Amelanchier asiatica, C. Kock., Jap. Shide-
zakura, Zaifuri-boku ; a mountain-tree of the order Rosaceas