Motherhood in Childhood

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Monitoring ICPD Goals – Selected Indicators Indicators of Mortality Indicators of Education Reproductive Health Indicators of childbearing among adolescent Infant women Life expectancy 15 to 19 years Maternal of age. For Primary civil enrolment regional, Proportion and global Secondary rates and % trends Illiterate in contraceptive Births per Contraceptive prevalence and HIV registration, rates are subject mortality to limitations M/F which depend mortality on the completeness of birth registration, 1,000 the live treatment of infants born alive but and comprehensive review’. The Lancet, 12 March aged 2013. Any World Modern and (15-49) (gross) M/F unmet reaching need grade 5 for enrolment family planning (>15 between1990 years) 1,000 and 2015: Prevalence a systematic prevalence Total per ratio M/F (gross) M/F M/F women rate (%) births 15-19 method methods M/F dead before registration or within the first 24 hours of life, the quality of regional data are based on United Nations Population Division/DESA the reported information relating to age of the mother, and the inclusion of births from previous periods. The population estimates may suffer from limitations connected to age misreporting and coverage. For survey and census data, both the numerator and denominator come from the special analyses of data from United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. World Contraceptive Use 2012 and 2013 updates for the MDG database (see http://www.un.org/en/ development/desa/population/). same population. The main limitations concern age misreporting, birth omissions, misreporting the date of birth of the child, and sampling variability in the case of surveys. Education Male and female net enrolment rate in primary education (adjusted), male and female net enrolment rate in secondary education, 1999- 2012. Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics, data release of May 2012. Under age 5 mortality, per 1,000 live births. Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2011). World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision. DVD Edition - Extended Dataset in Excel and ASCII formats (United Nations publication, ST/ESA/SER.A/306). Under age 5 mortality is the probability (expressed as a rate per 1,000 live births) of a child born in a specified year dying before reaching the Accessible through: stats.uis.unesco.org. The net enrolment rates indicate the enrolment of the official age group for a given level of education expressed as a percentage of the corresponding population. The adjusted net enrolment rate in primary also includes children of official primary school age enrolled in secondary education. Data are for the most recent year estimates available for the 1999-2012 period. age of five if subject to current age-specific mortality rates. Sexual and reproductive health Contraceptive prevalence. United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2013). 2013 Update for the MDG Database: Contraceptive Prevalence (POP/DB/CP/A/MDG2012). These data are derived from sample survey reports and estimate the proportion of married women (including women in consensual unions) currently using, respectively, any method or modern methods of contraception. Modern or clinic and supply methods include male and female sterilization, IUD, the pill, injectables, hormonal implants, condoms and female barrier methods. These numbers are roughly but not completely comparable across countries due to variation in the timing of the surveys and in the details of the questions. All country and regional data refer to women aged 15-49. The most recent survey data available are cited, ranging from 1990-2011. World and regional data are based on United Nations Population Division/DESA special analyses of data from United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. World Contraceptive Use 2012 and 2013 updates for the MDG database (see http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/). Unmet need for family planning. Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2013). 2013 Update for the MDG Database: Unmet Need for Family Planning (POP/ DB/CP/B/MDG2012). Women with unmet need for spacing births are those who are fecund and sexually active but are not using any method of contraception, and report wanting to delay the next child. This is a subcategory of total unmet need for family planning, which also includes unmet need for limiting births. The concept of unmet need points to the gap between women's reproductive intentions and their contraceptive behavior. For MDG monitoring, unmet need is expressed as a percentage based on women who are married or in a consensual union. The concept of unmet need for modern methods considers users of traditional methods as in need of modern contraception. For further analysis, see also Adding It Up: Costs and Benefits of Contraceptive Services: Estimates for 2012. Guttmacher Institute and UNFPA, 2012 and Alkema L., V. Kantorova, C. Menozzi, and A. Biddlecom “National, Demographic indicators Total population, 2013. Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2013). World Population Prospects: The 2012 Revision, CD-ROM Edition. These indicators present the estimated size of national populations at mid-year. Average annual rate of population change, per cent. Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2013). World Population Prospects: The 2012 Revision, CD-ROM Edition. Average annual rate of population change is the average exponential rate of growth of the population over a given period. It is based on a medium variant projection. Male and female life expectancy at birth. Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2013). World Population Prospects: The 2012 Revision, CD-ROM Edition. These indicators are measures of mortality levels, respectively, and represent the average number of years of life expected by a hypothetical cohort of individuals who would be subject during all their lives to the mortality rates of a given period. Data are projections for the period 2010-2015 and are expressed as years. Total fertility rate. Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2013). World Population Prospects: The 2012 Revision, CD-ROM Edition. The measure indicates the number of children a woman would have during her reproductive years if she bore children at the rate estimated for different age groups in the specified time period. Countries may reach the projected level at different points within the period. Projections are for the period 2010-2015. Population aged 10-19, per cent. Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2013). World Population Prospects: The 2012 Revision, CD-ROM Edition. The measure indicates the proportion of the population between the ages of 10 and 19. 110 110 INDICATORS INDICATORS
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Center for Reproductive Rights. 2013. Abortion Laws and Sexual Violence. New York: CRR. THE STATE OF WORLD POPULATION 2013 111
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Motherhood in Childhood Facing the
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state of world population 2013 Moth
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to health. Conversely, a girl who i
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“I was 14… My mom and her siste
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access to sexual and reproductive h
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Research shows that addressing unin
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Additional efforts must be made to
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1 A global challenge Every year in
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ights, or where access to health ca
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According to DHS and MICS surveys,
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“Efforts—and resources—to pre
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adolescents with no education and i
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A UNFPA review of four countries fo
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Developed countries face challenges
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ESTIMATING ADOLESCENT PREGNANCY AND
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2 The impact on girls’ health, ed
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can increase the risk of miscarriag
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In sub-Saharan Africa, an estimated
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ADOLESCENTS, AGES 10 TO 19, LIVING
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community environments, she may fee
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effect could have added $3.4 billio
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suggest that between 38 per cent an
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3 Pressures from many directions Ad
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DETERMINANTS OF ADOLESCENT PREGNANC
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social and economic exclusion from
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seen as “what girls are for,” a
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Youth-friendly services Youth-frien
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An adolescent girl whose sexual par
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and stay in school, however, may re
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A study covering four African count
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esponsibilities of breadwinner and
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Child marriage does not always lead
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In much of Europe and North America
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Child, 2003; CEDAW, 1999; CRPD, Art
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Young people who are not living wit
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4 Taking action Multilevel interven
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