Motherhood in Childhood
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“All of a sudden the world<br />
became a lonely place. I felt<br />
excluded from my family<br />
and the community. I no<br />
longer fitted <strong>in</strong> as a young<br />
person, nor did I fit <strong>in</strong> as<br />
a woman.”<br />
Tarisai, 20, pregnant at 16, Zimbabwe<br />
varies substantially across countries, rang<strong>in</strong>g from<br />
2 per cent <strong>in</strong> Algeria to 75 per cent <strong>in</strong> Niger,<br />
which has the world’s fifth-lowest per capita<br />
gross national <strong>in</strong>come (World Bank, 2013).<br />
While child marriages are decl<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g among<br />
girls under age 15, 50 million girls could still<br />
be at risk of be<strong>in</strong>g married before their 15th<br />
birthday <strong>in</strong> this decade.<br />
Today, one <strong>in</strong> n<strong>in</strong>e girls <strong>in</strong> develop<strong>in</strong>g countries<br />
is forced <strong>in</strong>to marriage before age 15. In<br />
Bangladesh, Chad and Niger, more than one <strong>in</strong><br />
three girls is married before her 15th birthday. In<br />
Ethiopia, one <strong>in</strong> six girls is married by age 15.<br />
Age differences with<strong>in</strong> unions or marriages<br />
also <strong>in</strong>fluence adolescent pregnancy rates.<br />
ADOLESCENT BIRTH RATES (DATA FROM 79 COUNTRIES)<br />
By Region<br />
By Background Characteristics<br />
West &<br />
Central Africa<br />
East &<br />
Southern Africa<br />
Lat<strong>in</strong> America<br />
& Caribbean<br />
World<br />
Arab States<br />
50<br />
50<br />
79<br />
23<br />
109<br />
129<br />
Develop<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Countries<br />
Rural<br />
Urban<br />
No Education<br />
Primary<br />
Secondary<br />
or Higher<br />
56<br />
56<br />
85<br />
103<br />
119<br />
154<br />
South Asia<br />
Eastern Europe &<br />
Central Asia<br />
East Asia<br />
& Pacific<br />
0 50 100 150<br />
20<br />
31<br />
49<br />
Poorest<br />
Second<br />
Middle<br />
Fourth<br />
Richest<br />
118<br />
109<br />
95<br />
77<br />
42<br />
0 50 100 150 200<br />
Source: UNFPA, 2013.<br />
10 CHAPTER 1: A GLOBAL CHALLENGE