MISSING PIECES - Inter-Parliamentary Union

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THEME 5 14 See PoA, sec. II, arts. 16–21, 29–30, 34–35; and sec. III, arts. 6, 8, 14, and 16 15 Inter-Agency Disarmament, Demobilisation and Reintegration Working Group, Towards a UN Approach to Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration Workshop, 28–30 October, 2004, draft document 16 See UNGA (2006), Report of the Secretary-General on Disarmament, demobilization and reintegration, A/60/705, 2 March 17 www.unddr.org 18 BBC News (2003), Police defend gun amnesty‘success’, 30 April. Available at: news.bbc.co.uk/2/ hi/uk_news/2986179.stm 19 S Chapman, P Alpers, K Agho and M Jones, ‘Australia’s 1996 gun law reforms: faster falls in firearm deaths, firearm suicides, and a decade without mass shootings’, Injury Prevention 2006; 12:365-372. Abstract available at: http://ip.bmj.com/cgi/content/abstract/12/6/365 20 Instituto Sou da Paz (2006), Brazil: Changing a history of violence. Available at: http://www.iansa. org/regions/samerica/documents/Brazil-gun-referendum-analysis-SoudaPaz-2006.pdf 109
MISSING PIECES THEME 6 MOTIVATIONS AND MEANS: ADDRESSING THE DEMAND FOR SMALL ARMS There has only been physical disarmament, not disarmament in the mind. The gun is something these people use to live. It is their tool to survive. Man in Mazar e-Sharif, Afghanistan, September 2004 1 Supply and demand have become shorthand terms for describing broad factors affecting the spread, use, and misuse of guns; approaches to managing them; and means for reducing their negative effects. Understanding what drives individuals and groups to possess and use guns—the demand side of the equation—is equally important for efforts to reduce availability and misuse. In fact, all sides of the equation must be taken into account simultaneously if the international community is to respond adequately to the problem of gun violence. Guns can change hands several times—from manufacture to stockpile; to broker, trader, and exporter—before they reach their first user. Factors can be identified at each step in the life cycle of a weapon to explain why guns are acquired. This theme looks at factors affecting demand by civilians, communities, and non-state armed groups as end-users of guns; offers an explanatory framework for thinking about demand; identifies possible responses to the factors driving acquisition of guns at the individual and group levels; illustrates demand interventions that have taken place in Papua New Guinea, South Africa, and the US; and discusses the relevance of this for policy development and action by parliamentarians and civil society. DEMAND IN THEORY According to economic theory, demand for a commodity (e.g. guns) is a function of individual and group preference, price (monetary and nonmonetary), and resource availability. While preferences determine the moti- 110
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Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue In
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MISSING PIECES ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Thi
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MISSING PIECES THEME 3 CONSIDERING
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MISSING PIECES LIST OF ILLUSTRATION
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MISSING PIECES NATO North Atlantic
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MISSING PIECES the UN process on sm
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MISSING PIECES interventions to pro
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MISSING PIECES OBJECTIVE 5 ASSISTAN
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MISSING PIECES of gun violence are
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MISSING PIECES public health approa
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MISSING PIECES their policy and rem
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MISSING PIECES guns out of the hand
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MISSING PIECES Safe storage Safe st
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MISSING PIECES fully automatic fire
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MISSING PIECES that may be owned. I
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MISSING PIECES The Nairobi and SADC
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MISSING PIECES aged greater nationa
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MISSING PIECES reason; and a securi
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MISSING PIECES 2 See, for example,
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MISSING PIECES 36 Telephone intervi
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MISSING PIECES 76 UN Commission on
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MISSING PIECES basis—but that are
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MISSING PIECES Civil society has pl
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MISSING PIECES In December 2003, th
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MISSING PIECES conflict. 16 By Febr
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MISSING PIECES TABLE 2 ENTRY POINTS
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MISSING PIECES 3. Moratoria Volunta
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MISSING PIECES • the Organisation
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MISSING PIECES which should help pr
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Page 99 and 100: MISSING PIECES grammes often spur d
Page 101 and 102: MISSING PIECES In addition, ammunit
Page 103 and 104: MISSING PIECES of disarmament. The
Page 105 and 106: MISSING PIECES did not need, but wh
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Page 115 and 116: MISSING PIECES TABLE 3 POSSIBLE RES
Page 117 and 118: MISSING PIECES • programmes focus
Page 119 and 120: MISSING PIECES Southern Highlands,
Page 121 and 122: MISSING PIECES ernments and various
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Page 137 and 138: MISSING PIECES 27 Lloyd Roberts, Su
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MISSING PIECES 14. Upon request, St
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MISSING PIECES ANNEX 3 THE UN FIREA
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MISSING PIECES ANNEX 4 A SAMPLE OF
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MISSING PIECES ANNEX 5 KEY INSTRUME
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MISSING PIECES the threat to peace
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MISSING PIECES EU Common Position o
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MISSING PIECES 1989 Convention on t
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MISSING PIECES national tribunals f
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MISSING PIECES nitude and extent of
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MISSING PIECES Opportunity costs of
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MISSING PIECES National Commissions
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MISSING PIECES ENDNOTES 1 Many of t
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MISSING PIECES tive structures, exi
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MISSING PIECES countries, as stress
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MISSING PIECES © Inter-Parliamenta
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