Improving the identification, handling and storage of âdifficultâ seeds ...

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2.11. NIGERIA presentation Nigeria National Centre for Genetic Resources and Biotechnology Mr. S. E. Aladele Supporting On-Farm management & improvement of PGRFA (question 2.1) The Centre has been working in collaboration with farmer groups in making available relevant planting materials endangered to their environment. We collaborate with individual farmers and large-scale farmers in sourcing their planting materials. We monitor and coordinate on-farm reports in collaboration with relevant Research Institutes that have the mandate for a particular crop, e.g. Ogun Farmers’ Association, OLOFA Farms etc. Germplasm storage facilities (question 5.3) Physical facilities available for plant genetic resources conservation and utilization include a seed preparation and processing laboratory, viability testing equipment and drying rooms. Equipment installed and in use includes: ▪ Seed cleaners ▪ Separators ▪ Dehumidifiers ▪ Incubators ▪ Digital moisture content machine among others ▪ Bulk threshing machine ▪ Ovens ▪ Weighing balance(Mertler) ▪ Ceiling machine There is a short-term/active collection storage room, maintained at 18ºC and 30% RH. For mediumterm storage facilities, deep freezers are being used to maintain some valuable germplasm as a back up to the short-term. Long-term/base collections are held in a prefabricated room, maintained at - 20ºC and 10% RH. About 9,000 accessions of 216 crops species, i.e. economic and food crops, are being kept in the seed bank for short- and long-term storage. The field genebank covers an area of approximately 12 hectares of farmland with a reasonable number of stands. About 2500 herbarium specimens have been collected, preserved in steel cabinets and documented for future reference. The issue culture laboratory at NACGRAB complements the activities of the field genebank for various plant species. Tissue culture techniques such as meristem, nodal cutting, shoot tip and embryo culture are used routinely for rapid multiplication and disease elimination of endangered or underutilized plant species, as well as root and tuber crops. The center is about to commence cryopreservation of our recalcitrant plant species. Facilities are being acquired and staff have already been trained. Drying facilities/methods The Centre maintains a drying room fitted with an air conditioner at low temperature, for drying cereals and legumes immediately after harvest. We sometimes oven-dry some crop species at a regulated temperature to reduce the moisture content to the required level. Silica gel and sun-drying are also used.
Measuring seed moisture status ▪ Digital moisture content computer: this provides an automatic moisture level of the seed and it is non-destructive. The only disadvantage is that a sizeable quantity of seeds is required to measure the moisture content. ▪ Gravimetric method: this is destructive and is measured on a fresh weight basis. It is the amount of water in the seed and is usually expressed as percentage. We normally measure seed moisture content from time to time. The method used is that we select some accessions from a particular tray randomly. We then determine the moisture content using the fresh weight basis. Storage containers The following containers are used: ▪ Aluminum foil ▪ Plastic bottles ▪ Aluminum container ▪ Paper packets Viability monitoring (question 5.5) Viability tests are carried out on our ex-situ collections on a regular basis, using the following methods: ▪ Germination test in germinating trays or Petri dishes, using a seed incubator at a regulated temperature ▪ Tetrazolium chloride(TZ) Species with initial low level viability Sphenostylis stenocapa Cajanus cajan Phaseolus lunatus Species with low level viability after a period of time Glycine max Abelmoschus sp. Arachis hypogaea Gossypium sp. Constraints (question 5.10) ▪ Inadequate laboratory equipment ▪ Irregular electricity supply ▪ Inadequate field equipment ▪ Inadequate funding ▪ Lack of capacity building Possible solutions to the constraints ▪ Adequate funding of ex-situ collections ▪ More field and laboratory equipment ▪ Local, national and regional workshops, seminars and training on PGR conservation should be conducted more regularly
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Page 3 and 4: Improving the identification, handl
Page 5 and 6: 1. Project background Supported by
Page 7 and 8: 1.2. Workshop programme The worksho
Page 9 and 10: 1.3. FAO presentation International
Page 11 and 12: Activity Areas on Institutions and
Page 13 and 14: Through the Seed and Plant Genetic
Page 15 and 16: GSPC /ITPGRFA). Purpose: improved i
Page 17 and 18: Orthodox but dormant Although less
Page 19 and 20: 2. Country report summaries Support
Page 21 and 22: 2.2. BOTSWANA presentation Botswana
Page 23 and 24: ecently released a biodiversity str
Page 25 and 26: follows: ▪ Selection of good seed
Page 27 and 28: - Low Constant temperature oven met
Page 29 and 30: ▪ ▪ ▪ Blotting paper in Petri
Page 31 and 32: The second problem associated with
Page 33 and 34: inadequate seed numbers such as end
Page 35 and 36: 2.7. LESOTHO presentation Lesotho N
Page 37 and 38: 2.8. LIBYA presentation The Nationa
Page 39 and 40: 2.9. MALAWI presentation Malawi Pla
Page 41 and 42: Species that demonstrate low levels
Page 43: 2.10. MOZAMBIQUE presentation Agric
Page 47 and 48: 2.13. SEYCHELLES presentation Minis
Page 49 and 50: Crops to be considered for conserva
Page 51 and 52: Drying facilities/methods The proto
Page 53 and 54: 2.14. SOUTH AFRICA presentation Sou
Page 55 and 56: Legume forages Grass forages back,
Page 57 and 58: which the viability seemed to be de
Page 59 and 60: amount of moisture in that sample.
Page 61 and 62: ▪ Encourage and promote the conse
Page 63 and 64: efore the NPGRC acquired storage fa
Page 65 and 66: perennial wetland, as the field gen
Page 67 and 68: 3. Other stakeholders’ presentati
Page 69 and 70: IPGRI’s Vision People today and i
Page 71 and 72: ▪ ▪ ▪ Mali - Traditional seed
Page 73 and 74: ▪ Support services - development
Page 75 and 76: 3.3. SPGRC presentation Gene Bank M
Page 77 and 78: ▪ To fully operationalize SPGRC h
Page 79 and 80: ▪ have achieved the desk study an
Page 81 and 82: Mexican marigold and leaves of neem
Page 83 and 84: 4. RBG Kew species analysis Support
Page 85 and 86: Table 1. Families with greatest num
Page 87 and 88: Table 5. Completed tests and propor
Page 89 and 90: investigated were found to be recal
Page 91 and 92: 5.1. Format of group sessions Outpu
Page 93 and 94: 2. Most urgent training needs Main
Page 95 and 96:
5.3. GROUP 2 report Group members
Page 97 and 98:
Top 5 equipment needs for group:
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esculentus Lycopersicon ▪ problem
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▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪
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▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ Ethiopia - hygromet
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6. Plenary Supported by Also suppor
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- South Africa - direct new project
Page 109 and 110:
7. Annexe Supported by Also support
Page 111 and 112:
Mr. José de Menezes Ministry of Ag
Page 113 and 114:
7.2. Questionnaires (for reports) T
Page 115 and 116:
7.3. List of “difficult to conser
Page 117 and 118:
EBENACEAE Euclea undulate Improveme
Page 119 and 120:
POACEAE Sorghum bicolor Low viabili
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