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advantage. 3 We cannot evaluate economic and political<br />
systems under the assumption that those who hold<br />
power are omniscient, benevolent despots. Political and<br />
economic systems should be evaluated under the assumption<br />
that people who hold power will abuse it for their<br />
own benefit. Although not everyone is prone to commit<br />
such abuses, some people are, so political and economic<br />
institutions should be designed to guard against the possibility<br />
that the worst will get on top. 4<br />
People have designed many political and economic<br />
systems based on sophisticated analyses of social interactions<br />
that point to ways that society might be redesigned<br />
and improved. Fundamentally, however, all systems<br />
rest on either the principle that people control their<br />
own lives and property or the principle that some people<br />
should control the lives and property of others. The latter<br />
principle inevitably leads to a system in which the people<br />
who have connections to those with control benefit at the<br />
expense of those who do not. Despite sophisticated terminology<br />
and justifications, the choices reduce to liberalism<br />
versus cronyism.<br />
CRONYISM AND BIG GOVERNMENT 105