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advantage. 3 We cannot evaluate economic and political<br />

systems under the assumption that those who hold<br />

power are omniscient, benevolent despots. Political and<br />

economic systems should be evaluated under the assumption<br />

that people who hold power will abuse it for their<br />

own benefit. Although not everyone is prone to commit<br />

such abuses, some people are, so political and economic<br />

institutions should be designed to guard against the possibility<br />

that the worst will get on top. 4<br />

People have designed many political and economic<br />

systems based on sophisticated analyses of social interactions<br />

that point to ways that society might be redesigned<br />

and improved. Fundamentally, however, all systems<br />

rest on either the principle that people control their<br />

own lives and property or the principle that some people<br />

should control the lives and property of others. The latter<br />

principle inevitably leads to a system in which the people<br />

who have connections to those with control benefit at the<br />

expense of those who do not. Despite sophisticated terminology<br />

and justifications, the choices reduce to liberalism<br />

versus cronyism.<br />

CRONYISM AND BIG GOVERNMENT 105

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