Zimbabwe - Overseas Development Institute

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Preface Since e a r l y 1987, the Overseas Development I n s t i t u t e has been engaged on a major piece of research under the general t i t l e : ' I n d u s t r i a l i s a t i o n m sub-Saharan A f r i c a ' , i n v o l v i n g in-depth case studies of seven A f r i c a n countries: Botswana, Cameroon, Cote d ' l v o i r e , Kenya, N i g e r i a , Zambia and Zimbabwe. The case study work f a l l s i n t o two d i s t i n c t parts. F i r s t an a n a l y s i s of the i n d u s t r i a l i s a t i o n process from the e a r l y 1960s to the mid-1990s, followed by d i s c u s s i o n of the options f o r and p o s s i b i l i t i e s of accelerated i n d u s t r i a l i s a t i o n i n the l a t e 1980s and 1990s. This Working Paper presents the f i r s t phase of the research for Zimbabwe. Working Papers 24 and 26 present the f i r s t phase of the research f o r Cameroon and Zambia. I t i s a l s o a n t i c i p a t e d that the research work on N i g e r i a w i l l be produced as an ODI Working Paper. The f i r s t phase a n a l y s i s f o r Kenya and Botswana are being reproduced as Discussion Papers of the I n s t i t u t e of Development Studies at the U n i v e r s i t y of Sussex from, where they can be obtained. I t i s a n t i c i p a t e d that the completed country studies incorporat i n g both phases of the research work w i l l be published together as a book towards the end of 1989. Any further information on these Working Papers or the o v e r a l l research p r o j e c t should be addressed to Mr Roger R i d d e l l at the ODI . ENCLOSE WITH ITEM Return Date See User's Handbook D N 0 4 0 0 2 Y L O A N ( D V E F ^ S E A B - rn to- The Bntish Library Document Supply Centre, Boston Spa, lerby, West Yorkshire LS23 7BQ if no other library indicated.
TABLE OF CONTENTS Page I. INTRODUCTION 1 I I . OVERVIEW OF THE MANUFACTURING SECTOR 2 2.1 Current Status 2 2.2 S t r u c t u r a l Change and Long-Term Expansion 4 2.3 Sources of I n d u s t r i a l Growth 8 2.4 Trends i n Imports and Exports 14 2.5 I n t e r n a t i o n a l Comparisons of Competitiveness 23 2.6 Trends i n Value Added 28 2.7 Seeking Preliminary Explanations 30 I I I . SUCCESSES AND FAILURES AT THE MICRO-LEVEL 35 3.1 Manufacturers of A g r i c u l t u r a l Implements 35 3.2 Inadequacies of P r i c e s As a Basis f o r P o l i c y Implementation 39 3.3 Some Concluding Observations 42 IV. THE FOODSTUFFS SUB-SECTOR 4 5 4.1 General Overview: Sources of Growth, Trade and 45 Output Trends 4.2 Some Firm-Level Evidence 52 V. AGRO-INDUSTRIAL LINKAGES 58 5.1 Macro-Trends 58 5.2 A g r i c u l t u r a l Inputs i n t o Manufacturing 61 5.3 Manufacturing Inputs i n t o A g r i c u l t u r e 63 VI. CONCLUSIONS 70 6.1 Some Missing Elements 70 6.2 Towards I n d u s t r i a l i s a t i o n i n t o The 1990s 72 NOTES 7 5 REFERENCES 112
Page 1: WORKING PAPER 25 INDUSTRIALISATION
Page 5 and 6: FIGURES 1. Ratio of Manufacturing V
Page 7 and 8: manufacturing i n d u s t r y devel
Page 9 and 10: sub-sector (9), Metals and Metal Pr
Page 11 and 12: Figure 3. Manufacturing Volume Inde
Page 13 and 14: i n v o l v e an i n c r e a s i n
Page 15 and 16: involve an i n c r e a s i n g net
Page 17 and 18: and 2, above, the f i r s t ten yea
Page 19 and 20: Figure 5. Sources of Growth 1952/3
Page 21 and 22: predominant source of growth has l
Page 23 and 24: Figure 1952/53 to 1982/3. o. 0 0 0
Page 25 and 26: period 1952/53 to 1982/83, Foodstuf
Page 27 and 28: i-iz Additionally, i t i s also imp
Page 29 and 30: Foodstuffs ( l ) t o a high of 60%
Page 31 and 32: P r o t e c t i o n C o e f f i c i
Page 33 and 34: s i g n i f i c a n t l y although
Page 35 and 36: While these successes deserve due r
Page 37 and 38: marginal) r i s e i n the 1966 to 1
Page 39 and 40: drop i n imports required by the ma
Page 41 and 42: Beyond these measures, however, per
Page 43 and 44: The main d i f f i c u l t i e s f
Page 45 and 46: of a year or two, p r o d u c t i v
Page 47 and 48: i n Malawi^1, which produces implem
Page 49 and 50: emoving exchange c o n t r o l s ,
Page 51 and 52: f e r e n t i a l s and hence the d
Page 53 and 54:
Figure 13. Index of Industrial Prod
Page 55 and 56:
s u b s t a n t i a l export expans
Page 57 and 58:
paid for by higher domestic food p
Page 59 and 60:
f u r t h e r capacity so to expand
Page 61 and 62:
p r i o r n o t i f i c a t i o n ,
Page 63 and 64:
increase throughput and i n s t a l
Page 65 and 66:
V. AGRO-INDUSTRIAL LINKAGES 5.1 Mac
Page 67 and 68:
F i n a l l y the data from Figure
Page 69 and 70:
mn, compared with $310 mn used by s
Page 71 and 72:
paper and packaging (1%); f e r t i
Page 73 and 74:
6% f o r cotton. With the greater a
Page 75 and 76:
y the a g r i c u l t u r a l secto
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VI. COMCLUSIONS 6.1 Some Missing El
Page 79 and 80:
o v e r a l l , 34% of a l l the in
Page 81 and 82:
In s p i t e of f o r e i g n excha
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(1986b:62-63). 7. S t r i c t l y s
Page 85 and 86:
low f o r manufactured imports both
Page 87 and 88:
29. As gross output data f o r i r
Page 89 and 90:
43. Regrettably the a v a i l a b l
Page 91 and 92:
l e v e l s that both replacement i
Page 93 and 94:
i n such a c t i v i t i e s , Zimb
Page 95 and 96:
94. In 1938/39, t o t a l food expo
Page 97 and 98:
the l u c r a t i v e European (mos
Page 99 and 100:
h i g h l i g h t e d the divergenc
Page 101 and 102:
Clarke, D.G. (1980) Foreign Compani
Page 103:
R i d d e l l , R.C. {1981a) "Zimba
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Zimbabwe - Overseas Development Institute

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