The Pre-Roe Pro-Life Movement in Minnesota and New York

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Bennett, David H. The Party of Fear: From Nativist Movements to the New Right in American History. Chapel Hill, N.C., 1988. Blanchard, Dallas A. The Anti-Abortion Movement and the Rise of the Religious Right: From Polite to Fiery Protest. New York: Twayne Publishers, 1994. Bromley, David & Shupe Anson. New Christian Politics. Macon, Ga., 1984. Browder Clifford. The Wickedest Woman in New York: Madame Restell, The Abortionist. Hamden, CT: Archon Books, 1988. Cook, Elizabeth Adell, Jelen, Ted G., and Wilcox, Clyde. Between Two Absolutes: Public Opinion and the Politics of Abortion. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1992. Crawford, Alan. Thunder on the Right. New York, 1980. Critchlow, Donald T. Intended Consequences. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999. C.W. LeBoutillier to A.R. Storer, letter. 28 March 1857. Storer Papers. Quoted in Mohr, James C. Abortion in America: The Origins and Evolution of National Policy, 1800-1900. New York: Oxford University Press, 1978. Danforth, Mildred. Anti-abortion Women of America: A Sampling. Lewiston, Me.: M.E. Danforth, 1982. Democratic Party platform. In 1984 Congressional Quarterly Alamanac [sic]. 93-B. Quoted in McGreevy, John T. Catholicism and American Freedom. New York: W.W. Norton & Company: 2003 Diamond, James J. “The Troubled Anti-Abortion Camp.” America. 10 August 1974. Vol. 131, Issue 3. 52-54. Elazar Daniel J., Virginia Gray, & Wyman Spano. Minnesota Politics and Government. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1999. Gelb, Joyce & Palley, Marian Lief. “Women and Interest Group Politics: A Comparative Analysis of Federal Decision Making.” Journal of Politics 41. May 1979: 362- 392. Quoted in Critchlow, Donald T. Intended Consequences. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999. Gerald R. Ford Library. “American Citizens Concerned for Life, Inc.: Records, (1968) 1974-1982 (1986).” . Ginsburg, Faye D. Contested Lives. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998. 115
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Page 1 and 2:
Abortion as a “Medical Problem Br
Page 3 and 4:
Table of Contents Acknowledgements
Page 5 and 6:
Abbreviations ACCL - American Citiz
Page 7 and 8:
this first neighborhood grassroots
Page 9 and 10:
in New York, California, and Colora
Page 11 and 12:
is a unique and important one to te
Page 13 and 14:
major factors led to MCCL’s victo
Page 15 and 16:
Well before Blackmun’s 1972 Mayo
Page 17 and 18:
Chapter 1: The Pre-History of the C
Page 19 and 20:
practice. The law as it stands is t
Page 21 and 22:
would have functioned independently
Page 23 and 24:
instances also increased awareness
Page 25 and 26:
threat of abortion criminalization
Page 27 and 28:
the actions of new twentieth-centur
Page 29 and 30:
of the MCLTP. 3 In the early 1970s,
Page 31 and 32:
from the Great Depression in its se
Page 33 and 34:
underestimated his opponents, as MC
Page 35 and 36:
who shared a “communitarian ethic
Page 37 and 38:
However, the Council did not offer
Page 39 and 40:
issue-based and activist politics f
Page 41 and 42:
Blake and Fred Mecklenburg and lobb
Page 43 and 44:
yet united front against abortion l
Page 45 and 46:
anti-abortion movement, but also be
Page 47 and 48:
emerging organizations across the c
Page 49 and 50:
the 1970s, and an additional thirte
Page 51 and 52:
When news of Roe and Doe broke, MCC
Page 53 and 54:
their efforts prior to the decision
Page 55 and 56:
the part of state groups and create
Page 57 and 58:
physical space in Minneapolis and r
Page 59 and 60:
58 of them were enacted. 37 Even fo
Page 61 and 62:
looms as a menace to all mankind an
Page 63 and 64:
War.” 56 President Gerald Ford di
Page 65 and 66:
the 1976 Republican Party Platform,
Page 67 and 68:
should be noted that pro-life activ
Page 69 and 70: with us.” 81 Needless to say, by
Page 71 and 72: ecord of being vindictive.” 90 Ca
Page 73 and 74: decades of involvement. Yet before
Page 75 and 76: nationwide effort organized by the
Page 77 and 78: in drastic (at the extreme, irrecon
Page 79 and 80: and increase political effectivenes
Page 81 and 82: willing to be window dressing - no
Page 83 and 84: Warren Schaller, and others to form
Page 85 and 86: women, which would become the speci
Page 87 and 88: On multiple levels, ACCL became a p
Page 89 and 90: multi-issue approach was a tactic a
Page 91 and 92: asserted, “often a few key people
Page 93 and 94: Lampe, and others) split to form AC
Page 95 and 96: nomination. Jefferson’s tactics w
Page 97 and 98: administration. 82 Lampe took over
Page 99 and 100: and was also a member of Planned Pa
Page 101 and 102: As previously explored, Mecklenburg
Page 103 and 104: million; Schweiker’s stance and a
Page 105 and 106: Almost immediately after her appoin
Page 107 and 108: The last straw came when Mecklenbur
Page 109 and 110: on the national scene cautiously, m
Page 111 and 112: abortion debate she encountered as
Page 113 and 114: Conclusion Supreme Court Justice Ha
Page 115 and 116: legislatures, and celebrated occasi
Page 117 and 118: ecognized nationwide as “one of t
Page 119: Bibliography Archives and Interview
Page 123: Press, Eyal. Absolute Convictions:
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