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Drawing attention recently are attempts to build a value chain for local cultural industries as an integrated approach to enhance the effectiveness of development. These endeavors are evolving in various ways, from building the capabilities of local enterprises for enhanced marketability to promoting global exports. Globally renowned designer Donna Karan blended art with business by joining the Clinton Global Initiative (CGI), an anti-poverty program led by former U.S. President Bill Clinton, to take the lead in relief efforts for Haiti―one of the poorest countries in the Americas suffering from natural disasters and underdevelopment. She unearthed creative values from Haiti with a paradigm shift that translated the country's bleak situation into hope; she also found the spiritual energy 12 and artistry within Haitian nature and indigenous products, and successfully commercialized them in the American and European markets. With her brand Urban Zen, the designer distributed Haitian products as a way of contributing to poverty eradication, working toward sustainable development through the promotion of the cultural industry, as opposed to one-off relief or charity. B. Culture Converged with Education The effect of youth education through culture and arts is widely recognized. A case in point is El Sistema of Venezuela, also known as the Social Movements through Music 13 . In 1975, Venezuelan economist José Antonio Abreu formed the Social Movements through Music to create the first youth orchestra as its musical director. In 1995, Abreu was appointed by UNESCO as a special ambassador for the development of an international network of youth and children's orchestras and choirs, and served as the representative of UNESCO's World Youth Orchestra and Choir Movements. Consisting of 102 youth orchestras and 55 children's orchestras (which rounded up to around 100,000 youths in total), the El Sistema Network is currently managed by the government and aims to motivate learning, prevent crimes, and provide the groundwork for children to grow in a better environment through music. The program has led poor children exposed to drugs and crimes onto the right path. The best-known of these orchestras is the Simón Bolivar Youth Orchestra, which performed at the Carnegie Hall in 2007. There are abundant examples of similar support in Korea. Launched by World Sharp, the Jirani Children's Choir is comprised of children from a Kenyan village making a living by 12 The world view of Haitians is based on Voodooism. A unique blend of African folk beliefs and Catholicism, the religion is widespread among the Afro population in the United States and the Caribbean region. 13 The official name is the National Foundation for the Youth and Children's Orchestra System of Venezuela (Fundación del Estado para el Sistema Nacional de las Orquestas Juveniles e Infantiles de Venezuela, FESNOJIV).
collecting garbage. The chorus seeks to elicit artistic talent from destitute children who lack access to food, clothes, and education to provide them with hope and dreams. The Musical Foundation for One has established musical centers in Cambodia and other countries and dispatches music majors to offer musical education to children. Since September 2012, the Seoul Ballet Theater offers ballet classes in the poor Colombian village of Tulua to drive a positive change among children living in crime-prone areas. A large number of children participating in the classes are those exposed to the threats of rape and drug abuse. Colombia has suffered from mafia wars, drug abuse, and teenage prostitution as well as a longstanding civil war; the village of Tulua has an extremely high crime rate with 140 homicides occurring in just this past nine months. Against this backdrop, expectations are high for the positive impacts of this project 14 . As part of their youth support efforts, the Korea Trust Fund of the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) joined forces with FIFA to sponsor a project to promote soccer among low-income groups in Latin America. In association with NGOs supporting poor children and adolescents, the project supports 24 street soccer teams in the region, unearths outstanding cases to provide systematic training for youth soccer teams, and sponsors international matches. Students immersed in soccer were found to have better academic achievement since they had to study hard to become eligible to play soccer. A festival is held whenever a soccer match between neighborhoods is held; men and women, the young and the old have a joyous day helping foster the community culture. This also translates into considerable economic effects. Launched in Zimbabwe in 2003, Grassroots Soccer has provided children and youngsters aged 11 to 18 with soccer-based health education programs on HIV/AIDS. Offering psychological and social support as well, the program increases children’s awareness on HIV/AIDS through games, significantly reducing HIV/AIDS infections of the participating children 15 . 3) Project Execution – A Holistic Culture-Centered Approach A culture-centric approach is needed for the overall elements and phases of development in executing projects: (a) a respect for the recipient region and its culture, and an understanding of the differences and regional particularity; (b) reflection of the local culture when realizing 14 http://m.mk.co.kr/index.php?sc=42600013&cm=%5B%BF%AC%BF%B9%A1%A4%BD%BA%C6%F7 %C3%F7%5D%20%BF%AC%BF%B9&year=2012&no=576756&relatedcode=&TM=V1&PM=M4 15 http://blog.usaid.gov/2010/06/harnessing-the-power-of-soccer-to-fight-hiv/
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종합보고서 종합보고서
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2012 Culture and Development Rou
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the World’s Intellectuals (2002).
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Hong, Jin-wookSection Head of the P
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David Throsby Macquarie University
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2012 Culture and Development Roundt
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