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Fail to Prepare, then Prepare to Fail Valcárcel Rojas, Roberto 2002 Inundaciones y Sociedad Aborigen en el Territorio de los Municipios Mayari y Sagua de Tanamo. Departamento Centro, Oriental de Arqueologia, Holguin, Cuba. Valcárcel Rojas, Roberto, Jago Cooper, Jorge Calvera Rosés, Odalys Brito, and Marcos Labrada 2006 Postes en el Mar: Excavación de una estructura constructiva aborigen en Los Buchillones. El Caribe Arqueológico 9: 76–88. 113
Jago Cooper Understanding Hazards, Mitigating Impacts, Avoiding Disasters Statement for Policy Makers and the Disaster Management Community Five thousand years of human experience in the Caribbean can provide important lessons for modern-day policy makers and practitioners working with the impacts of climate change in the region. Case studies in this chapter show that regional climate change creates unavoidable threats to everyone living in the islands of the Caribbean. However, different communities’ relative experience of these threats is entirely dependent on very local conditions and the lifestyle choices of different societies. The importance of the way local conditions affect the experience of environmental hazards highlights the fact that centralized planning strategies at national or international scales currently fail to prepare people for what they will experience and how they should best prepare themselves. The reliance of Precolumbian mitigation strategies on local preparation for local threats greatly helped reduce vulnerability in the past. This chapter reveals that the Precolumbian selection of secure settlement locations, the creation of diverse food distribution networks, and the use of readily rebuilt household architecture maximized the potential for mitigation based on local environmental conditions. These Precolumbian lifeways contrast strongly with modern-day lifestyles in the Caribbean that have been strongly influenced by non-local European and North American traditions. Examples such as the colonial legacy of European selection of river valley settlement locations or more recent developments, such as the centralized distribution of non-local food staples and the development of architectural designs reliant on imported materials, highlight changes in the Caribbean that have increased vulnerability to known hazards in the region. A clear argument arises from this research that the current focus on short-term “impact” mitigation in the Caribbean is emphasized at the expense of more robust preparation and reconstruction strategies that take into account the complexity of decision-making in human societies and the need for long-term strategies to change human behavior. Such a lesson shows the importance of local education strategies that try to foster improved traditional ecological knowledge within communities that helps people understand the nature of the threats they face and feel empowered to plan for themselves. Both in the past and in the present, the real “cost” of an environmental disaster is often not from the “event” itself but from the weeks, months, and years of devastation that ensue. The devastating impacts of sea level rise, rainfall change, and hurricane activity are inevitable for modernday communities in the Caribbean. Therefore this research suggests adopting the perspective of how quickly human communities can return to “life 114
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Surviving Sudden Environmental Chan
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© 2012 by the University Press of
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Contents Chapter 5. Collation, Corr
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Thomas H. McGovern Maine, on Octobe
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Thomas H. McGovern as this excellen
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Thomas H. McGovern McGovern, Thomas
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Chapter Abstracts eruptions, earthq
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Chapter Abstracts this is so becaus
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Chapter Abstracts and concomitant f
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Chapter Abstracts Chapter 8 Long-Te
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Surviving Sudden Environmental Chan
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Payson Sheets and Jago Cooper The m
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Payson Sheets and Jago Cooper techn
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Payson Sheets and Jago Cooper The b
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Payson Sheets and Jago Cooper or mi
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Payson Sheets and Jago Cooper tial
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Payson Sheets and Jago Cooper to co
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Payson Sheets and Jago Cooper first
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Payson Sheets and Jago Cooper and-c
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Payson Sheets and Jago Cooper Burto
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Ben Fitzhugh enhanced support for r
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Ben Fitzhugh islands, which are als
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Ben Fitzhugh and millet farming sub
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Ben Fitzhugh 1.2. Eruption of Saryc
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Ben Fitzhugh a greater proportion o
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Ben Fitzhugh but reoccupation proce
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Ben Fitzhugh Large storms pass thro
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Ben Fitzhugh densely populated regi
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Ben Fitzhugh of sustainable settlem
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Ben Fitzhugh Blaikie, P., T. Cannon
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Ben Fitzhugh Marquardt, W. H. 1988
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Ben Fitzhugh Understanding Hazards,
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Payson Sheets a society, or which c
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Payson Sheets 2.1. Map of Mexico an
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Payson Sheets 2.3. Ilopango volcani
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Payson Sheets area such as El Salva
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Payson Sheets The Barriles society
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Payson Sheets 2.7. Cuicuilco, highl
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Payson Sheets communities around th
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Payson Sheets heading out to sea af
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Payson Sheets successful mitigation
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Emily McClung de Tapia Rivera-Uria,
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Seven Domination and Resilience in
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Domination and Resilience in Bronze
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Nelson et al. Specifically, we aske
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Nelson et al. its value in making a
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Nelson et al. 8.4). However, an ext
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Nelson et al. floodwater gave way t
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Nelson et al. 8.6. A Classic Mimbre
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Nelson et al. 3. Isolation can cont
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Nelson et al. Folke, Carl 2006 Resi
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Nelson et al. Tiempos Prehispánico
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Nelson et al. Turney, Omar 1929 Pre
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Nine Social Evolution, Hazards, and
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Social Evolution, Hazards, and Resi
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ten Global Environmental Change, Re
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Global Environmental Change, Resili
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Contributors David A. Abbott Arizon
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Contributors Jeffrey Quilter Harvar
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Index Bárdarbunga volcano, 72 Barr
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Index Hazards, 3, 6, 42, 92, 106, 2
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Index Paramushir Island, 25 Pastora
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Index social-ecological structure,
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