Safety_Series_041_1975 - gnssn - International Atomic Energy ...

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APPENDIX IV 1 2 9
T A B L E X X X II.
(con t.)
Item Frequency A nalysis
Ground deposition M onthly Portable survey
(4 9 co n tro l points) m eters
M onthly
(p lan t roots)
S em i-a n n u a lly
(fix e d flig h t patterns out to
2 0 0 m iles from P ro ject)
C a r-b o rn e s cin tilla tio n cou n ter
A eria l survey s c in tilla tio n counter
the counting equipment generally needs to be greater than if, for
example, only gross beta activity is measured. Time may be
saved by making use, when possible, of gam m a-ray spectrom etry.
Summary
The scope of environmental surveillance at a particular facility
will depend upon the type and extent of nuclear operations carried
on within it. Where preliminary surveillance indicates that the
public exposure resulting from the discharge of wastes to air and
water will be only a small fraction of the dose lim its, environmental
surveillance might be drastically reduced. The objectives of radiological
control can then be met by occasional checks on the discharge
rates or on environmental media where cumulative effects or
reconcentration of the effluent radionuclides is suspected.
For radionuclides of long half-life infrequent sampling (quarterly
or even annually) is sufficient, unless there are rapid fluctuations
in the discharge rates or a m ajor change in the environmental conditions.
Nuclides with relatively short half-lives can be sampled
at intervals of two to three half-lives. Of course, supplemental
samples should be taken if results show any significant or unexpected
increase.
Advantage should be taken of data gathered by nation-wide
surveillance networks established for measuring worldwide fall-out.
In addition, data resulting from effluent monitoring at the facility
should be utilized in the planning of new or revised surveillance
program m es. The prim ary aim being to keep the number of samples
and analyses to the minimum necessary to ensure adequate control.