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SECTION II. ASSESSMENT OF THE NEED FOR
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND
DEFINITION OF ITS OBJECTIVES
201. E nvironm ental su rveillan ce system s vary in size and c o m ­
plexity and should be related to the expected potential hazard.
A com petent authority w ill requ ire a routine environm ental
m onitoring p rogram m e when a potential release of activity
o r the expected radiation levels w ill result in one of the
follow ing:
(a) A significant fraction of the dose lim its to c r itica l groups
o r the whole population recom m ended by the International
C om m ission on R adiological P rotection [2]
(b) A significant fraction of that perm itted by lo ca l regu lations,
where appropriate.
The n u m erical values for these fraction s should be fixed in
the light o f lo ca l conditions. Effluent m onitoring, which is
m andatory in any ca se, should provide sufficient inform ation
fo r the a ssessm en t o f environm ental levels where en v iron ­
m ental m onitoring is not requ ired.
OBJECTIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEYS FOR NORMAL
SITUATIONS
202. The p rim a ry ob jectiv es o f environm ental surveys fo r norm al
situations are:
(a) A ssessm en t o f the adequacy of con trols on the reletase of
radioactive m aterials to the environm ent
(b) A ssessm en t of the actual o r potential exposure o f man to
radiation o r to radioactive m aterials present in his
environm ent o r , as a m inim um , the estim ation o f the
probable upper lim its of such exposure
(c) D em onstration of com pliance with the applicable regu lations,
environm ental standards, and other operational
lim its
(d) The possible detection of any lon g-term changes o r trends
in the environm ent resulting from the operation o f the
installations.
203. A dditional benefits received from such environm ental surveys
m ay include:
(a) An in crease in knowledge con cern in g the correla tion of
levels o f d isch arge and the environm ental effe ct, thus
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