Safety_Series_041_1975 - gnssn - International Atomic Energy ...

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This publication is no longer valid Please see http://www.ns-iaea.org/standards/ 80 APPENDIX IV 2. C h a r a c te r is tic s o f the en viron m en t The liquid effluents of the sewer system flow into a brook named Novellino (mean flowrate 0.3 m3/s ; range 0.15- 1 m3/s), which in turn flows into Lake Maggiore after a course of about 1500 m (see Fig. 8). This brook also receives most drainage water from the territory of the Establishment. The Novellino water is not used by the inhabitants of the zone, on the contrary, the waters of Lake Maggiore and of its only effluent, the River Ticino, represent remarkable resources for food production: both for the fishing activities and the latter, in addition, for the irrigation of a large agricultural area in the districts of Milano, Novara and Pavia. The water supply to the Ispra Establishment and to the attached residence is through a line and pumping station located on the shore of Lake Maggiore near the Ispra port. This is the only case in which Lake Maggiore water is used for drinking. The economy of the region is principally based on industry and agricultural production is consequently very limited and fills only a small part of the local needs. An analysis of the environs of the Establishment (a 10 km radius area) has shown the following surface distribution: Uncultivated 40%; sown 15%; pasture 20%; orchard 5%; woods 20%. In the same zone the number of bovine animals is about 6000 (of which 3500 lactating); they are fed almost entirely with local fodder. The daily milk production ranges between 20 000 and 25 000 litres and is used about 50/50 for direct consumption (distribution by the milk supply stations of Gallarate and Varese) and for the production of cheese. The principal agricultural products of the zone are maize, potatoes, wheat and rye. The population density in the region is high: about 300 persons/km 2, including also the area of the lakes. The distribution of the population in the surroundings of the Establishment is shown in Fig. 9. The meteorological profile of the zone, located at th.e foot of the Alps and including some lakes, may be outlined in the following. Rain is pretty high (about 1600 mm/a), particularly in spring and autumn, showers are frequently recorded in the summer months. Winter is normally dry and sunny, with fog occurring during the night and occasionally during the day. The absolute humidity of the air is high in summer, the relative humidity is high in winter, though several very clear and windy days cause it to drop to very low values (fohn). On most days and especially on sunny summer days a regular wind pattern is recorded, with mountain breeze
This publication is no longer valid Please see http://www.ns-iaea.org/standards/ APPENDIX IV FIG. 8. M a p o f the z o n e w ith in d ic a t io n o f sa m p lin g p o in ts.
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