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ROMANOBRITISH POTTERY KILN, Gerrards Cross .' AIIITTrr 110 0 Oc 2 111 1 . \ stokehole flue, \..;int\r n\a,lbc m ec 1 Od 5 4 iii 111111 e (a)Pian with floor r ed clay , OW dark OreY-claY furnace chamber 'wall s A (b) Under 'floor structures oven chamber floor f urna ce chamber stokehole flue FOG4 THE KILN (C) Section A-B
excavation as tree roots would soon destroy any archaeological evidence. A trench was opened up, ultimately 1.20 x 1.90 m; some 10.- 20 cm below the present surface a kiln was revealed and theinterior excavated as fully as time and its proximity to the tree hole allowed. The kiln, which had been fired, was cut into the gravelly subsoil (inside diameter of oven chamber 1.40 m) and lined with clay some'10 cm thick. This was baked red in colour with the inner 'rind' c. 3 cms, a dark grey. The kiln was an up-draught type with a permanent vented floor 60 cm below the present ground surface (Figure 4a). It was without a central support but had two pilasters projecting in from the wall (Figure 4b, P and P). Additional draught was provided by a small upward sloping vent in the kiln wall above Vent 4 (Figure 4a, e). The floor was of baked clay, 10 cm thick, which had originally been supported on wooden poles 20 - 25 mm diameter and 7 - 8 cm apart, judging by imprints remaining in the underside of the-oven floor. Six large vents (Figure 4a, 1-6) were spaced systematically around the circumference 6f the floor and 4 small vents were located in its centre. It is presumed that others whiéh could not be reached would complete a more regular pattern than that shown in Figure 4a, a, b, c and d. The bowl-like furnace chamber below was approximately circular, average diameter 70 cm, curving to a maximum depth of 63 ems, and the hot gases entered from a large flue in the 'northwest side of the chamber (Figure 4b). This arch, with curved roof and vertical sides, 45 cm wide by 45 cm high, entered c. 10 cm above the bottom of the floor and vent hole 1 opened into the top of this arch (Figure 4c). Vents 2, 3 and 6 had flues opening from the upper half 6f the chamber wall while 4 and 5 had deep sloping flues beside the pilasters running almost to the chamber floor. There was not time to excavate the stoke hole flue, which was filled with earth and reddish clay, or to locate the position of the stoke hole. There was very little ash in the furnace chamber, which was only partly filled.with completely dry earth containing some sherds and pieces of charcoal and was hollow above this. Many pottery sherds(69'lbs)were recovered from the kiln with no unbroken pots. Large pieces formed almost_a layer on the chamber floor and wedged in the side vents, and smaller sherds occurred in the general infill of the oyen chamber. - Part of the curved dome of the roof survived around, the northeast edge of the oven chamber, which appeared-to have slid down inside almost to floor level above the layer of largè sherds, and more of it formed a shattered layer across the whole centre. ' When part of this was removed, a bar of baked clay, 30 cm long with rectangular section 5 by 8 cm, was seen to be attached to the kiln wall. The rest of the oven chamber was filled up with black clay loam which would appear to include the rake-out from a kiln or kilns nearby. Fragments of baked-clay with grass and twig impressions were,also found. The pottery has only been briefly 'examined but the description given by P. Corder (Records of Bucks 1943) of the pottery of the Hedgerley and Fulmer kilns is equally accurrate for this. The Hedgerley and Fulmer kilns are dated to the early 2nd Century though Hedgerleypottery has been found at the Latimer Roman Villa in a late 2nd Century context. - 17 -
Page 2 and 3: 3Ra7 rc,' 0 px 1980 REVIEVV OF ARCH
Page 4 and 5: . Brian WALLINGFORD, Laundry Site,
Page 6 and 7: CONTENTS Page EDITORIAL 1 BEDFORDSH
Page 8 and 9: . 1Survey . Evelyn BEDFORDSH I RE B
Page 10 and 11: Tind the course of the Saffi.on Dit
Page 12 and 13: ough stone structure straddling the
Page 14 and 15: Figure 2 Warden Abbey Tiles -8-
Page 16 and 17: _ . and Design; in 'Floors for the
Page 18 and 19: a post-medieval pottery industry at
Page 20 and 21: "sure 3 - 14 -
Page 24 and 25: FIG 5 THE POTTERYx
Page 26 and 27: MOAT FARM, Hedgerley //4 building d
Page 28 and 29: . beeri ofiparticularvalue to Sch6o
Page 30 and 31: , An of Great Doddington. Therefore
Page 32 and 33: way by means of a wide causeway (no
Page 34 and 35: ' This :archaeological significance
Page 36 and 37: 6 ccco Cr a) Pi Lj$-1
Page 38 and 39: - appeared same phase and could be
Page 40 and 41: 1111111111111111111 Kiln Bar : inne
Page 42 and 43: 3 1130 OOOOOO 11110110111ITMC, 1110
Page 44 and 45: 01111aOrftil two ow _ '1111111' 711
Page 46 and 47: BEDFORDSHIRE MIDDLE ROW DUNSTABLEg
Page 48 and 49: 1980 Programme -- A eurveysProgramm
Page 50 and 51: in Kettering Museum. A selection of
Page 52 and 53: locally distinctive andparaliele fo
Page 54 and 55: D.H.,Kennètt;. 'The Ang107Saxon 'c
Page 56 and 57: Apart from the sherds mentioned.abo
Page 58 and 59: There is very little evidence of No
Page 60 and 61: TABLE 1 Naseby open-field names Ear
Page 62 and 63: Unlocated names (13th) wartedelond,
Page 64 and 65: MILTON KEYNES DEVELOPMENT CORPORATI
Page 66 and 67: An enigmatic feature was a vertical
Page 68 and 69: 4- \ MK211 WYMBUSH Roman farmstead
Page 70 and 71: Other features To the west of the t
Page 72 and 73:
Figure 18 Pennylands: site plan **
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Roundhouse 6 This structure is of a
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the ground over 1 metre. A shallow
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' . L . fr- L. - /11))\11\1111\\11
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LITTLE WOOLSTONE; HOLY TRINITY CHUR
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The timber bell tower was probably
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The corn dryer was Tbuilt of flat l
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for a reasonable-group of .document
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The following articles containing w
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The number of enquiries received by
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's(1948) Field® under pasture Fiel
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It has been reported that the adjac
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Figure 2/t - 90 -
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11111111.11111 Front All111111 Rear
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C.J.BOND 1979' - Wall partly rebuil
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IMP OSE NEY ABBEY J115 Figure 27 -
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- 'roof ' embrasur0 _3 Metres DORCH
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, MUSEUM RESEARCH PROJECT BRICK AND
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OXFORDSHIRE FIELD-NAMES SURVEY - Ja
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Remainder of built-up area,c.1800 P
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' 01 BLOXHAM HISTORIC FEATURES & CO
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The 1523 Subsidy illustrates the em
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INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITIES Apart from th
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The original main road, depicted on
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The last major extension to the chu
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In almost eveiy street there are fu
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, , - A few snbstantial: new detach
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The Old Forge in Church Street (PRN
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(4) The testing of the suggestion t
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, long LEWKNOR, OXFORDSHIRE : Villa
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The Oxford-London road (PRN 8960) r
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lt is likely that. the nucleus of t
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(9) The Manor Houae (FEN 10894) has
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' "Crossways- Watlington Road (PRN
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Figure 33 Elevations over 183 rostr
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13D000- 120000- 1974-75 1975-76 197
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In *Oxford Brian Durham has been ve
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continues to wTite a fortnightly co
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sE eaniqd semsr lirstudora new
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. On . The . . 7. Post.Medieval:: -
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In Mesolithic site Early Neolithic
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M. W. Beresford and J. G. Hurst, Th
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First Phase Figure 39 - 152 -
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GATEHOUSE- OXFORD BLACKFRIARS 1961
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111. o . ai 3 gi 3 0
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college of St Mary. The plan of a t
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On the west side of the road', near
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Figure 44 - 162-
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. The were two short curved lengths
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. The to cross a smail-doubleAitche
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. SOmefurther other sites in the vi
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Medieval quarries River channel ÂP
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\ \\\ \ d-.;\ \ X \ 1=4. r V' Ft tf
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30. DIDCOT4Allagtave.Farm Members o
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910 20 10 40 50m coppice pasture s'
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Moat Cottage, Kidlington, Oxon.1979
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THRUPP HOUSE FARM Site C Plan 4e o
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same period and located on the grav
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harrow flat-topped lenttance'.. In
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entrance and exposed the remains of
Page 194 and 195:
PURL ICAT IONS PUBLICATIONS IN THE
Page 196 and 197:
RR22, Burial in the Roman Worldf.Re
Page 198 and 199:
Northamptonshire Arch. Soc. Mrs. Ph
Page 200:
10 20m ISBN No. 0 903736 09 8 O ARC
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