Three Roads To Quantum Gravity

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INDEX 245 black hole formation, 189±90 consistent/inconsistent, 157 different types of, 157, 159±60 problems with, 149, 159±62, 183±4, 185, 195±6 relationship with loop quantum gravity, 180±5 uni®cation with loop quantum gravity, 185±93 as a uni®ed theory, 161±2 superconductors, 107±10, 112 supergravity, 6, 122, 219 superposition, 35±9, 47±8 supersymmetry, 158, 219 Susskind, Leonard, 175 symmetry, 219 Syracuse University, 130 `t Hooft, Gerardus, 6, 90, 118, 175 temperature, 81±3, 97, 98, 219 critical, 108 theory of everything, 194 thermodynamics, 90, 93, 97±9, 173, 218 Thiemann, Thomas, 184 Thing, The, 171±5, 177 time, 23±5, 61 absolute, 23, 212 <strong>To</strong>monaga, Sinitiro, 151 topos theory, 31±2, 46, 219 Trento University, 132 Trias, Anthony, 132±3 twistor theory, 138, 210, 219±20 uncertainty principle, 36, 165, 220 universe causal, 54±9 as a closed system, 17±18 creation of, 27, 198±201 geometry, 18±19 hidden regions, 70±2, 104 multiple, 198±9 relational, 53 Unruh, Bill, 82, 91 Unruh's law, 86 Uruguay University, 133±4 virtual particles, 155 volume, 106, 132 smallest possible, 106, 137 Warhol, Andy, 50 weave, 186 Weinberg±Salam theory, 156 Wheeler, John, 86, 127, 139, 146 Wheeler±DeWitt equations, 40, 127, 128 Wilson, Kenneth, 115±16 Wittgenstein, Ludwig, 99 Yale University, 126, 128 zero point motion, 83
ABOUT THE AUTHOR Born in New York City, Lee Smolin was educated at Hampshire College and Harvard University. He is currently professor of Physics at the Center for Gravitational Physics for a unification of quantum theory, cosmology and relativity. He is the author of The Life of the Cosmos (1997).
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“It would be hard to imagine a be
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To my parents Pauline and Michael C
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CHAPTER 2 .........................
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II WHAT WE HAVE LEARNED
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CHAPTER 11 ........................
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CHAPTER 12 ........................
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THE HOLOGRAPHIC PRINCIPLE 171 gener
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THE HOLOGRAPHIC PRINCIPLE 173 FIGUR
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CHAPTER 13 ........................
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HOW TO WEAVE A STRING 181 thing!" I
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HOW TO WEAVE A STRING 185 What is r
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HOW TO WEAVE A STRING 193 may be th
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Page 216 and 217: EPILOGUE: .........................
Page 218 and 219: EPILOGUE: 209 And quantum gravity i
Page 220 and 221: EPILOGUE: 211 of systems containing
Page 222 and 223: POSTSCRIPT 213 These cosmic rays ar
Page 224 and 225: POSTSCRIPT 215 Three explanations h
Page 226 and 227: POSTSCRIPT 217 light, which is the
Page 228 and 229: POSTSCRIPT 219 This is good news in
Page 230 and 231: POSTSCRIPT 221 But there is a secon
Page 232 and 233: POSTSCRIPT 223 Chopin Soo and Marti
Page 234 and 235: POSTSCRIPT 225 speed of light with
Page 236 and 237: GLOSSARY 227 cannot be greater than
Page 238 and 239: GLOSSARY 229 event In relativity th
Page 240 and 241: GLOSSARY 231 Newton's gravitational
Page 242 and 243: GLOSSARY 233 spin The angular momen
Page 244 and 245: SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING ...
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Page 250 and 251: INDEX .............................
Page 252 and 253: INDEX 243 black hole, 70, 73±4, 17
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Three Roads To Quantum Gravity

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