Chapter 3 Decision Support Model (IUWS-DSM) - Tubdok

Classifcation of Urban Water Treatment Process
raw water 1
raw water 2
raw water 3
used water 1
used water 2
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4
Solids/Sludge treatment
Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5
blackwater /
bronwwater & urine
C(1) B(1) A(1)
Blackwater treatment
C(1) B(1) A(1)
C(1)
Chapter 2 · New Conception 19
B(1)
A(1)
disch. C(2)
B(2)
A(2)
disch.
biogas
effluents
residuals
Figure 9: Classification of urban water treatment processes
Table 4: Classification of the inflow of water treatment facilities
type status specification
raw
water 1
raw
water 2
raw
water 3
used
water 1
used
water 2
raw water
C(2)
Disinfection
B(2)
Abbreviation:
disch. – discharge
(it refers treated water
discharge standards.)
high groundwater:
-simple treatment and disinfection, e.g. aeration & rapid filtration
surface water and roof-water:
-simple physical treatment and disinfection, e.g. rapid filtration
good groundwater:
- additional treatment needed, i.e. softening, water stabilisation process
surface water:
-normal physical and chemical treatment and disinfection, e.g.
coagulation, flocculation and sedimentation, filtration
moderate groundwater:
-certain substances occur, e.g. Nitrate, with ion exchange process
surface water:
-intensive physical and chemical treatment, plus advanced treatment
e.g.: activated carbon, membrane filtration
used water
common can be domestic sewage and greywater:
-after two or three treatment grades, the effluent quality can reach the
water discharge standards.
Advanced treatment is needed for reuse purpose.
particularly
polluted
can be domestic sewage mixed with industrial wastewater:
-particular pollutants exist that require the specified treatment process.
Advanced treatment is necessary for reuse purpose.