Chapter 3 Decision Support Model (IUWS-DSM) - Tubdok

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Table 18: Matrix for calculating cost and energy consumption of WUU calculation of: 1. costs 2. energy no. system option 1 Sys. Base 1.1 external source (UD) 2 Sys. +Rainwater 2.1 + roof-water (WUU) 3 Sys. +Reuse 3.1 + direct non-potable (WUU) 4 Sys. +Both 4.1 + roof-water (WUU) + direct non-potable (WUU) system size [m 3 /d] advanced water treatment distribution (networks) collection (sewer + drain) Chapter 2 · New Conception 45 used water treatment rainwater (surface runoff) rainwater (roof-water) - ii. iii. iv. v. vi. vii. - Explanation: as the exemplar, the table is blank. During the calculation, two tables are generated for system cost and energy consumption each. 2.3.2 Planning processes As identified in the beginning, there are two sides of urban water system, i.e. the water usage side and the water infrastructure side. The water usage side deals with the water volume, including water demands, used water amounts, and capacity of water sources. The water infrastructure side includes all structures and facilities, which provide the complete service to the water end-users. The system planning is therefore implemented on the base of dealing with these two sides. In the hierarchy of the IUWS, the water entities are embedded, which means they influence on each other. The influence of water usage is the bottom-up direction, i.e. the water usage of CA is decided by UD, and it of UD is decided by WUU, and the water usage of WUU is affected by WUC if it has WUC. Regarding the water infrastructure, the influence is reversed, as water facilities of WUU rely on UD, and they of UD depend on CA. There are interactions between water usage side and water infrastructure side, so the iteration is needed in order to reach the optimised the system options. Therefore, the planning procedure for IUWS starts with the water usage calculation of WUC, sequentially followed by the water usage of WUU, UD and CA. The available and possible water sources of each water entity are simultaneously investigated and managed with the water usage. Because the main water sources (i.e. groundwater and surface water) summation
46 New Conception and Decision Support Model for IUWS enter the urban water systems through the water entities of CA and UD, the matching of water usage and water sources are performed first in CA, and then associated in UD. After determining the water usage and water sources of CA, the water infrastructure is calculated in the sequence of CA, UD and WUU. As mentioned before, water facilities of WUC are not included. When the procedure ends at WUU, two sides are verified within each water entity. If they are not matched, the same procedure needs to be repeated. The procedure is sketched in Figure 22. The dashed arrow line indicates that the iteration can skip the calculation of WUC, as the water usage of WUC may have insignificant variations. The hollow arrows inside each water entity indicate the interrelation between water usage side and water infrastructure side. Planning Procedure for IUWS Start WUC water usage Abbreviations: WUU water usage water infrastructure UD water usage water infrastructure CA water usage water infrastructure WUC – Water Utilisation Cell WUU – Water Utilisation Unit UD –Urban District CA – City Area 2.3.3 Demonstration Figure 22: Planning procedure for IUWS A proper planned IUWS should consider, design and organise all above mentioned components in the same time. For perceptually comprehending the IUWS, one demonstration as the diagram is made up (Figure 23), which displays all necessary elements synchronously, such as the hierarchy of the IUWS, water end-users, different water sources, water supply, used water and rainwater management. Different system options are also involved, like surface runoff and roof-water utilisation, direct non-potable water reuse and indirect potable water reuse. In the demonstration, only a few water entities are included with quite complicated system options for each entity. In reality, it is just contrary, where more water entities of WUC, WUU and UD are established, but each entity has simpler water system. So far, the new conception of IUWSs is presented. It is the foundation of the decision support model for planning IUWSs, which is introduced in the next chapter.
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New Conception and Decision Support
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Acknowledgements By this chance, I
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Contents Indices I TABLES .........
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Indices III 3.6 Realisation Method
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Indices V Table 32: Sheet of averag
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Page 14 and 15: Definitions term definition & expla
Page 16: Abstract Indices XI Traditionally,
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Page 28 and 29: Composition of Modern Urban Water S
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Page 36 and 37: Classifcation of Urban Water Treatm
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LuQi.02 LuQi.01 Source: http://www.
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Appendix.Figure 8: 3-D map of the c
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WUU WUC type area [ha] popul. [capi
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Appendix.Table 14: Water demands an
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unit: m 3 /d demand : current deman
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Appendix.Table 16: Used water amoun
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Appendix.Table 17: Determination of
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Chapter 3 Decision Support Model (IUWS-DSM) - Tubdok

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