Chapter 3 Decision Support Model (IUWS-DSM) - Tubdok

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Chapter 2 · New Conception 27 system) and used water system (i.e. wastewater system) at the same time. The corresponding tables and the demonstration graphs for detailed EUWUP are provided in Appendix 1.5. Composition of Grouped End-User . s Water Usage Profile (EUWUP) Desired Water Profile Used Water Profile indoor end uses 1. food & drinks 0,85 2. personal hygiene 0,85 3. clothes washing 0,85 4. toilet flushing 0,90 5. misc. 0,85 greywater greywater greywater blackwater B other sewage greywater Abbreviation: var. – various (it means the required water quality can be various.) A A B B outdoor end uses 1. street cleaning 0,00 2. landscape 0,00 3. waterscape 0,20 4. others 0,50 blackwater Legend: B sink to nature var. sink to nature var. other sewage var. other sewage 1. food & drinks 0,85 orther sewage A greywater specialised end uses 1. cooling / heating 0,70 2. e.g. car washing 0,75 3. e.g. papermaking 0,80 4. e.g. brewery 0,80 n. ... ... 0,85 C other sewage B other sewage var. other sewage var. other sewage var. other sewage water end use desired quality type of used water generation coefficient of used water Figure 13: Composition of grouped end-user’s water usage profile (EUWUP) Each water end-user can have several EUWUPs simultaneously, which represent different water utilisation patterns. Water consumption depends on many factors, such as local traditions, water fixtures and economic levels. Through the demand side management, water end-users can have different water usage profiles. The demand side management is not directly included as it is not the focus of this research. Instead, its effects can be reflected by different EUWUPs, which are named as the water usage scenarios in IUWS. General EUWUP. If the detailed EUWUP is not available, the general EUWUP can be used for roughly estimating water usage. General EUWUP is assessed by equivalent average water consumption. Two possible units of EUWUP are adapted. One is the capita
28 New Conception and Decision Support Model for IUWS equivalent water consumption, i.e. m 3 /(cap·d), and the other is the unit equivalent water consumption, i.e. m 3 /(unit·d). This unit can be area, volume, or number of products, etc., depending on the types of the end-user. For example, the EUWUP of shopping centre can be estimated either based on its costumer capacity (i.e. m 3 /(passenger·d) ) or construction area (i.e. m 3 /(m 2 ·d) ). Afterwards, the general water quality-quantity-ratio is used so that the water amount can be allocated to different types of desired water quality. The equivalent average water consumption and the quality-quantity-ratio are obtained from the statistical data and are localised. 2.2.1.3 estimation In the hierarchy of the IUWS, the estimation of water usage starts from WUC and WUU. As UD consists of WUUs, the water usage of UD is the summation of its WUUs. Likewise, the water usage of CA is calculated by summing the water usage of all UDs. As discussed above, EUWUP for each type of WUU and WUC should be established and stored in the database, so that the water usage is automatically calculated after inputing the planning information of WUU and WUC. Depending on the requirements, several water usage scenarios can be generated. One demonstration for the water usage of a WUU is given in Figure 14. First, the water end uses of the WUU (i.e. a school) are determined based on Figure 13. Then based on the scale of the WUU, the water usage is calculated. Two water usage scenarios are carried out, i.e. Scenario 1: the conventional situation, and Scenario 2: using the water saving fixtures Figure 14,. Demonstration for the Water Usage of one WUU e.g. School A quality B quality C quality indoor end uses drink & wash toilet & others outdoor end uses lawn & ponds green belt specialised end uses labs cooling / heating desired water: sum. 530 quality A: 180 quality B: 160 quality C: 190 scenario 1 [m 3 /d)] used water: sum. 395 greywater: 150 blackwater: 110 rest: 135 Figure 14: Demonstration for the water usage of one WUU desired water: sum. 385 quality A: 140 quality B: 110 quality C: 135 scenario 2 [m 3 /d)] used water: sum. 300 greywater: 120 blackwater: 80 rest: 100 In the hierarchy, the water entity in higher levels comprises a number of water entities located in the inferior levels, and its water usage is determined by its affiliated water entities. The different water usage scenarios of different water entities can be combined unlimited. In order to simplify the calculation, the water usage scenarios of affiliated water entities retain the same as their superior water entity, e.g. the second water usage scenario of all affiliated water entities is summed as the second water usage scenario of their superior water entity. It only represents an extreme situation of reality, but all other combinations fall into the range
Page 2 and 3: New Conception and Decision Support
Page 4 and 5: Acknowledgements By this chance, I
Page 6 and 7: Contents Indices I TABLES .........
Page 8 and 9: Indices III 3.6 Realisation Method
Page 10 and 11: Indices V Table 32: Sheet of averag
Page 12 and 13: Indices VII Figure 31: Cost estimat
Page 14 and 15: Definitions term definition & expla
Page 16: Abstract Indices XI Traditionally,
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Page 26 and 27: Chapter 2 New Conception Chapter 2
Page 28 and 29: Composition of Modern Urban Water S
Page 30 and 31: 2.1.4.1 water quality Chapter 2 ·
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Page 36 and 37: Classifcation of Urban Water Treatm
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Page 40 and 41: 2.1.4.3 conveying system Chapter 2
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Page 48 and 49: General Priority of Water Sources C
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Page 54 and 55: Table 10: System options of used wa
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LuQi.02 LuQi.01 Source: http://www.
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Appendix.Figure 8: 3-D map of the c
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WUU WUC type area [ha] popul. [capi
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Appendix.Table 14: Water demands an
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unit: m 3 /d demand : current deman
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Appendix.Table 16: Used water amoun
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Chapter 3 Decision Support Model (IUWS-DSM) - Tubdok

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