Expert Oracle Exadata - Parent Directory

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CHAPTER 5 EXADATA SMART FLASH CACHESYS@EXDB1>SYS@EXDB1> select2 'cell single + multiblock reads' c1,3 c2, c3, c5, c6,4 c6/decode(nvl(c2,0),0,1,c2) hit_ratio5 from (6 select7 sum(total_waits) c2,8 avg(value) c6,9 sum(time_waited / 100) c3,10 avg((average_wait /100)*1000) c511 from12 sys.v_$system_event, v$sysstat ss13 where14 event in (15 'cell single block physical read',16 'cell multiblock physical read')17 and18 name like 'cell flash cache read hits'19 and20 event not like '%Idle%')21 order by22 c323 ;AvgEvent Total Seconds Wait HitNameWaits Waiting (ms) Flash Cache Hits Ratio------------------------------ ------- ------- ----- ---------------- -----cell single + multiblock reads 106,642 374 3.5 247,951 2.325As you can see, the script vastly overestimates the hit ratio on this particular system, coming up witha hit ratio of over 200%. This happens because this system has several objects that are designated foraggressive caching, resulting in many cache hits for Smart Scan events which are not included in thesingle block and multi-block read statistics . For systems that don’t use the KEEP attribute, the numbersshould be closer to reality. However, calculated hit ratios are probably not the best approach. It isgenerally more enlightening to look at the actual single block access times than to try to calculate a hitratio.SummaryExadata Smart Flash Cache provides yet another way to pare down the I/O cost associated with Oracledatabases. Most of the optimizations that the Exadata platform provides require the use of Smart Scans(full table or index scans). ESFC does not depend on Smart Scans and in fact is most useful for speedingup access on random reads of single blocks. These operations are generally associated with OLTPworkloads, and so ESFC is the key component of Exadata for OLTP or mixed workloads. The fact thatESFC does not provide a write-back cache, though, severely limits its effectiveness with systems that arebottlenecked on writes. Nevertheless, the large cache and the intelligent caching algorithms used by theOracle storage software allow ESFC to provide read performance similar to solid-state based disk141
CHAPTER 5 EXADATA SMART FLASH CACHEsystems. Offloading large portions of random read activity from the disks also provides an indirectbenefit to processes attempting to write to those same disks.While ESFC is generally thought of as an optimization aimed at reducing latency for small reads, itcan also be used quite effectively for large DW-type queries. In fact, the large throughput numbers thatOracle quotes depend on disk and flash cache being scanned concurrently. The flash cache actuallyshoulders the lion’s share of the burden in this case. You can enable this ability on specific tables bysetting the CELL_FLASH_CACHE attribute on the table to KEEP. This ability should not be overlooked for keytables, as the performance difference can be dramatic.142
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For your convenience Apress has pla
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IntroductionThank you for purchasin
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INTRODUCTIONwere implementing Exada
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CHAPTER 1 WHAT IS EXADATA?end of t
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CHAPTER 1 WHAT IS EXADATA?Limited
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C H A P T E R 2Offloading / Smart S
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CHAPTER 2 OFFLOADING / SMART SCANR
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CHAPTER 2 OFFLOADING / SMART SCAN3
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CHAPTER 2 OFFLOADING / SMART SCANS
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C H A P T E R 3Hybrid Columnar Comp
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CHAPTER 3 HYBRID COLUMNAR COMPRESS
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Page 134 and 135: C H A P T E R 5Exadata Smart Flash
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C H A P T E R 8Configuring ExadataO
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CHAPTER 9 RECOVERING EXADATAprovid
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CHAPTER 10 EXADATA WAIT EVENTSSYS@
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CHAPTER 10 EXADATA WAIT EVENTScell
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C H A P T E R 11Understanding Exada
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CHAPTER 11 UNDERSTANDING EXADATA P
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CHAPTER 12 MONITORING EXADATA PERF
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CHAPTER 13 MIGRATING TO EXADATA Ke
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C H A P T E R 14Storage LayoutIn Or
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CHAPTER 14 STORAGE LAYOUTFailure G
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CHAPTER 14 STORAGE LAYOUTGrid Disk
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CHAPTER 14 STORAGE LAYOUTASM Disk
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CHAPTER 14 STORAGE LAYOUT1 st Grid
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CHAPTER 14 STORAGE LAYOUTTable 14-
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CHAPTER 15 COMPUTE NODE LAYOUTCPU
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C H A P T E R 16Unlearning Some Thi
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CHAPTER 16 UNLEARNING SOME THINGS
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A P P E N D I X ACellCLI and dcliCe
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APPENDIX A CELLCLI AND DCLILIST FL
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A P P E N D I X BOnline Exadata Res
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A P P E N D I X CDiagnostic Scripts
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APPENDIX C DIAGNOSTIC SCRIPTSScrip
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Index• AAccess control list (ACL)
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• INDEXnetwork componentsclient a
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• INDEX• Epredicate offload, 36
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• INDEXOTHER_GROUPS consumer grou
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• INDEXCPU utilization, 152mixed
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• INDEXstructure, 105sub-query, 1
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Expert Oracle Exadatan n nKerry Osb
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Contents• About the Authors......
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• CONTENTSHow to Verify That Smar
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• CONTENTSControlling ESFC Usage
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• CONTENTSSummary ...............
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• CONTENTS• Chapter 12: Monitor
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• CONTENTS• Chapter 16: Unlearn
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About the Technical Reviewer Kevin
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