wind energy resource evaluation in a site of central italy ... - WindSim

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Figure 2.3: Vertical profiles in different stations for R=0.6 and HDF=0.1.Figure 2.4: Zoom of the figure 2.3.Figures 2.3 show the results obtained for a high roughness value (R=0.6). Also for asuch high value of roughness the influence of the vertical number of cell seems to benot important. Particular attention must be done when analyzing the verticalprofiles in the first 100 meters height, where 40 seems to be a more accurate valuefor the number of vertical cells (zoom of figure 2.4 in log scale).The conclusions valid for low roughness simulations can then be drawn also for ahigh value of roughness height, and the minimum number of cells can be stillmaintained to run the simulations.19
2.4 Height distribution factor sensitivityIn the following paragraph the sensitivity of the results to the height distributionfactor has been studied for a high roughness value (R=0.6). After having establishedthe influence of the vertical cell number, the boundary layer thickness discretizationhas been left at the default value (20 cells). Then, two series of simulations havebeen run: the first one studies the influence of the increase of the heightdistribution factor, from the default value to 0.4; the second one studies thereduction from the default value to 0.01. The vertical profiles have been extracted atthe inlet and at the outlet of the geometrical model and the results are shown in thefigures 2.5 and 2.6.Figure 2.5: Vertical profiles in stations 1 and 4 for R=0.6 , increasing the height distribution factor.Figure 2.6: Vertical profiles in stations 1 and 4 for R=0.6 and decreasing the height distribution factor.20
Page 1 and 2: UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI CAGLIARI
Page 3 and 4: IndexIndex page IAcknowledgmentsVII
Page 5 and 6: CHAPTER 4: Characteristics of the s
Page 7 and 8: 6.7.1 Mean wind velocity page 1096.
Page 9 and 10: This thesis is the result of a prac
Page 11 and 12: WindSim is a software developed by
Page 13 and 14: CHAPTER 1. Atmospheric Boundary Lay
Page 15 and 16: Figure 1.1: Example of an atmospher
Page 17 and 18: 1.5 The WindSim numerical codeWindS
Page 19 and 20: (κ−ε RNG or the Low Reynolds),
Page 21 and 22: 1.5.4 RESULTSThe Results module all
Page 23 and 24: Figure 1.2: Example of TKE vertical
Page 25 and 26: CHAPTER 2. Simulations over flat te
Page 27: inlet position (0 meters), station
Page 31 and 32: e decreased, to avoid to build thin
Page 33 and 34: Figure 2.10: Vertical profiles for
Page 35 and 36: CHAPTER 3. Simulations over 2D hill
Page 37 and 38: Table 3.1: Measurement coordinatesS
Page 39 and 40: The results shown above demonstrate
Page 41 and 42: Figure 3.6: Sketch of the 15 km lon
Page 43 and 44: Figure 3.9: Influence of the height
Page 45 and 46: Figure 3.13: Zoom of the hill top r
Page 47 and 48: 3.5.2) = ∙.The two models for att
Page 49 and 50: H [m] hill heightν[m 2 /s] air cin
Page 51 and 52: Figure 3.18: Particular of the nume
Page 53 and 54: Finally, the horizontal x velocity
Page 55 and 56: Figure 3.25: Z velocity componentFi
Page 57 and 58: 3.6 RemarksA CFD study of a boundar
Page 59 and 60: Some experimental wind data of this
Page 61 and 62: Both the pictures 4.3 and 4.4 have
Page 63 and 64: Table 4.2: Description of the color
Page 65 and 66: In this periods, data are recorded
Page 67 and 68: In the following pages, a short des
Page 69 and 70: 4.3.2 Mast 5424-15 m Period April-M
Page 71 and 72: 4.3.4 Mast 5424-15 m Period Novembe
Page 73 and 74: 4.3.6 Mast 5428-40 m Period April-M
Page 75 and 76: 4.3.8 Mast 5428-50 m Period Novembe
Page 77 and 78: 4.3.10 Mast 5428-30 m Period Novemb
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4.4.2 Mast 542870
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4.5.2 Mast 542872
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CHAPTER 5. Test of the Free Stream
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case the wind is blowing from the e
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Geometrical modelTable 5.3: Input p
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Figure 5.6: Vertical profiles in po
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The orthogonalization of the grid h
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Figure 5.9: Map of speed-ups for di
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Figure 5.30: Speed-2D at 30 m heigh
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Figure 5.12: Speed-2D at 30 m heigh
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CHAPTER 6. Analysis of the wind fie
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Table 6.2: Boundary conditions and
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6.5 Vertical profiles of VelocityTo
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characterized by high wind speed (5
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From the error analysis, it is foun
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Anyhow, the trend of the linear int
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Concerning the CFD simulations, val
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Analyzing RMS error table for tower
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A general overview of the figure 6.
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6.7 Cross Checking of wind dataIn t
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Figure 6.8 a/bFigure 6.8 c/dFigure
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Table 6.11: RMS error for cross che
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Figure 6.9 e/fFigure 6.9 g/hFigure
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Figure 6.10 g/hFigure 6.10 i/lFigur
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to have a better agreement during t
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Figure 7.2: Weibull fitting of the
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Figure 7.5: Perspective view of the
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The calculated AEP has been reporte
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ConclusionsIn this thesis the evalu
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Bibliography[1] CRASTO G. - Numeric
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