In situ and Ex situ Conservation of Commercial Tropical Trees - ITTO

327CAG, E-AAC/M-CTG, where E and M indicate the specificity to EcoRI andMseI adapters, respectively. EcoRI primers were labeled with NED, JOE andROX (Applied Biosystems) in the secondary amplification. Amplified productswere run on an auto sequencer (Applied Biosystems, Genetic Analyzer 310).Amplified bands (fragments) were detected by GeneScan software (AppliedBiosystems) and analyzed by Genotyper (Applied Biosystems). Nucleotidediversity was calculated on the fragment data by Pai (Innan et al. 1999).Results and DiscussionFragments were identified and constructed on 0/1 data matrix where the locusis assigned as 1 if a fragment is present, and 0 if it is absent. Allele frequencywas calculated assuming the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Based on the 0/1data matrix, proportion of polymorphic loci (l), average heterozygosity (H) andnucleotide diversity (π) were calculated for each population (summarized inTable 1.) The greatest genetic variation was shown in the Iriomotejima populationfor all three parameters above-mentioned. There is a tendency that populationslocated in the lower latitudes have more genetic variation although the trend isnot statistically significant (see Table 1).Table 1. Genetic variation in the island populations of Kandelia candelPopulation Latitude No. m l k H πSampleKiire 31 ° 20 ' 20 553 193 34.9 0.089 0.0084Tanegashima 30 ° 25 ' 23 553 245 44.3 0.097 0.0097Okinawajima 26 ° 40 ' 24 553 263 47.6 0.104 0.0091Kumejima 26 ° 20 ' 25 553 165 29.8 0.067 0.0070Miyakojima 24 ° 40 ' 26 553 257 46.5 0.107 0.0116Ishigakijima 24 ° 25 ' 18 553 172 31.1 0.079 0.0083Iriomotejima 24 ° 20 ' 19 553 322 58.2 0.152 0.0147m: Total number of fragments. l: number of polymorphic fragments. k: proportion ofpolymorphic fragments. H: Average heterozygosity. p: Nucleotide diversityThis tendency may be hampered by the low degree of genetic variation in theIshigakijima population, located about 20 km East of Iriomotejima. Lesser geneticvariation in Ishigakijima may be caused by the small population size and theshorter history of the population. The generality of this tendency must be furtherexamined based on data that include more island populations.Fixation index (G ST) was calculated by the following formula (Nei 1973).G ST= H T− H SH T