Note 17Employee benefits, continuedBased on the above global asset allocation, the expected long-term return on assets at December 31, <strong>2012</strong>, is 4.79 percent.The Company and the local boards of trustees regularly review the investment performance of the asset classesand individual asset managers. Due to the diversified nature of the investments, the Company is of the opinion that nosignificant concentration of risks exists in its pension fund assets.The Company does not expect any plan assets to be returned to the employer during 2013.At December 31, <strong>2012</strong> and 2011, plan assets include <strong>ABB</strong> Ltd’s shares (as well as an insignificant amount of theCompany’s debt instruments) with a total value of $16 million and $14 million, respectively.The fair values of the Company’s pension plan assets by asset class are presented below. For further information onthe fair value hierarchy and an overview of the Company’s valuation techniques applied see the “Fair value measures”section of Note 2.December 31, <strong>2012</strong> ($ in millions) Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total fair valueAsset ClassCash and equivalents 170 252 – 422Global equities 2,112 77 – 2,189Emerging markets equities 443 – – 443Global fixed income 1,984 3,140 – 5,124Emerging markets fixed income – 707 – 707Insurance contracts – 76 – 76Private equity – – 164 164Hedge funds – – 153 153Real estate 87 – 830 917Commodities 52 – 35 87Total 4,848 4,252 1,182 10,282December 31, 2011 ($ in millions) Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total fair valueAsset ClassCash and equivalents 56 365 – 421Global equities 1,717 76 – 1,793Emerging markets equities 311 – – 311Global fixed income 1,921 2,838 – 4,759Emerging markets fixed income – 398 – 398Insurance contracts – 37 – 37Private equity – – 177 177Hedge funds – – 113 113Real estate 73 – 741 814Commodities 44 – – 44Total 4,122 3,714 1,031 8,867The following table represents the movements of those asset categories whose fair values use significant unobservableinputs (Level 3):($ in millions) Private equity Hedge funds Real estate Commodities Total Level 3Balance at January 1, 2011 156 136 696 – 988Return on plan assets:Assets still held at December 31, 2011 (3) (4) 12 – 5Assets sold during the year 22 (6) 7 – 23Purchases (sales) (27) (14) 32 – (9)Transfers into Level 3 29 – 2 – 31Exchange rate differences – 1 (8) – (7)Balance at December 31, 2011 177 113 741 – 1,031Return on plan assets:Assets still held at December 31, <strong>2012</strong> 4 9 15 (1) 27Assets sold during the year 13 (7) – – 6Purchases (sales) (31) 35 40 35 79Transfers into Level 3 – – 9 – 9Exchange rate differences 1 3 25 1 30Balance at December 31, <strong>2012</strong> 164 153 830 35 1,182120 Financial review | <strong>ABB</strong> <strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Report</strong> <strong>2012</strong>
Note 17Employee benefits, continuedReal estate properties are valued under the income approach using the discounted cash flow method, by which themarket value of a property is determined as the total of all projected future earnings discounted to the valuation date. Thediscount rates are determined for each property individually according to the property’s location and specific use, andby considering initial yields of comparable market transactions.Private equity investments include investments in partnerships and related funds. Such investments consist of bothpublicly-traded and privately-held securities. Publicly-traded securities that are not quoted in active markets are valuedusing available quotes and adjusted for liquidity restrictions. Privately-held securities are valued taking into accountvarious factors, such as the most recent financing involving unrelated new investors, earnings multiple analyses usingcomparable companies and discounted cash flow analyses.Hedge funds are normally not exchange-traded and the shares of the funds are not redeemed daily. Depending on thefund structure, the fair values are derived through modeling techniques based on the values of the underlying assetsadjusted to reflect liquidity and transferability restrictions.ContributionsEmployer contributions were as follows:Defined pension benefits Other postretirement benefits($ in millions) <strong>2012</strong> 2011 <strong>2012</strong> 2011Total contributions to defined benefit pension and other postretirement benefit plans 347 305 15 16Of which, discretionary contributions to defined benefit pension plans 83 36 – –In <strong>2012</strong>, the discretionary contributions included non-cash contributions of $42 million of available-for-sale securitiesto the Company’s pension plans in the U.K. and the U.S.The Company expects to contribute approximately $286 million to its defined benefit pension plans in 2013, of whichdiscretionary contributions are $44 million. All 2013 discretionary contributions are expected to be non-cash contributions.The Company expects to contribute approximately $20 million to its other postretirement benefit plans in 2013.The Company also maintains a number of defined contribution plans. The expense for these plans was $220 million,$144 million and $97 million in <strong>2012</strong>, 2011 and 2010, respectively.The Company also contributed $11 million, $5 million and $30 million to multi-employer plans in <strong>2012</strong>, 2011 and 2010,respectively.Estimated future benefit paymentsThe expected future cash flows to be paid by the Company’s plans in respect of pension and other postretirementbenefit plans at December 31, <strong>2012</strong>, are as follows:Pension benefitsOther postretirement benefits($ in millions) Benefit payments Medicare subsidies2013 663 21 (1)2014 664 21 (1)2015 653 21 (1)2016 653 21 (1)2017 639 21 (1)Years 2018–2022 3,122 105 (8)Medicare subsidies represent payments estimated to be received from the United States government as part ofthe Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003. The United States government beganmaking the subsidy payments for employers in 2006.Note 18Share-based paymentarrangementsThe Company has three principal share-based payment plans, as more fully described in the respective sectionsbelow. Compensation cost for these principal plans and for other equity-settled awards is recorded in “Total cost ofsales” and in “Selling, general and administrative expenses” and totaled $60 million, $67 million and $66 million in<strong>2012</strong>, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Compensation cost for cash-settled awards is recorded in “Selling, general andadministrative expenses” and is disclosed in the “WARs”, “LTIP” and “Other share-based payments” sections of thisnote. The total tax benefit recognized in <strong>2012</strong>, 2011 and 2010, was not significant.At December 31, <strong>2012</strong>, the Company had the ability to issue up to 94 million new shares out of contingent capital inconnection with share-based payment arrangements. In addition, 19 million shares held by the Company in treasurystock at December 31, <strong>2012</strong>, could be used to settle share-based payment arrangements.As the primary trading market for the shares of <strong>ABB</strong> Ltd is the SIX Swiss Exchange, on which the shares are traded inSwiss francs, certain data disclosed below related to the instruments granted under share-based payment arrangementsare presented in Swiss francs.<strong>ABB</strong> <strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Report</strong> <strong>2012</strong> | Financial review 121
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Building on our technology leadersh
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This is ABBABB is one of the world
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Chairman and CEO letterDear shareho
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HighlightsResilient performance thr
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As of March 1, 2013Executive Commit
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1. Principles1.1 General principles
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As at December 31, 2012, the member
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Brice Koch was appointed Executive
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10. Auditors10.1 AuditorsErnst & Yo
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ABB’s success depends on its abil
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Operating and financial reviewand p
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