CHAPTER 11 - The Best Control 2

American Beautyberry (Callicarpa americano) - The crushed leaves repel ticks, mosquitoes and other bitingbugs.American Cornflower - The roots of this plant contain an oil that repels and/or kills flies.American Plum (Prunus americana) - Leaves and flowers are toxic to insects.Ammonia - Can be used to control weeds in the Spring - later on it acts as a fertilizer. You can later killweeds with calcium nitrate or potash (4 cups per gallon of water) or 1 gallon of ammonia to 4 gallons of liquidurea with 2 oz. of a sticker. You can kill slugs with 1 part non-sudsing ammonia and 1 part water. Rags soakedin ammonia and dropped in gopher holes or rat holes etc., if you seal all of the openings - usually repels thepests in a hurry. Pour some in garbage cans to repel raccoons. Termites avoid anything that has ammonia/nitrogen on it. Many pests die when you spray them with ammonia. If you have no concrete or asphalt, you canuse ammonia to compact soil. That is why ground fertilized with ammonia can make the soil hard. Ammonianeutralizes the epoxide in mold. Never mix ammonia and chlorine bleach.Ammoniated Soap of Fatty Acids - Can be diluted and used as a weed and vegetation killer.Anise - People use anise to add a hint of licorice to everything from holiday cookies to robust bottles of ouzoand raki. Now Agricultural Research Service (ARS) has isolated 22 compounds in Pimpinella’s essential oilsand find high levels of organic mixtures called phenylpropanoids in anise Phenylpropanoids are found in a widevariety of plants, and some are thought to have health-boosting benefits. However, the chemical structure and thebiological activity of the Pimpinella phenylpropanoids are unique. Some phenylpropanoids the team found haveonly been found in Pimpinella and four of the compounds they isolated had never before been identified in anyplant. The compounds were evaluated for their activities against the plant fungus Collectotrichum, which causesanthracnose diseases worldwide. One unique compound was especially effective against strawberrysoft rot and leaf blight. In addition, Pimpinella isaurica essential oils were more effective in controllingaphids than isolated Pimpinella phenylpropanoids. These compounds were also tested for theiractivity against various major and minor microbes. A few showed some effectiveness againstPlasmodium falciparum, the parasite that causes malaria in humans, and Mycobacterium intracellularaea bacterium that can cause illness in immunocompromised patients. Some phenylpropanoids exhibited antiinflammatoryactivities. Pimpinella essential oils also showed estrogenic effects in a yeast model and wereconsidered to have phytoestrogen properties. These results suggest that Pimpinella essential oils may be a sourceof potent compounds that could be used in developing powerful new pharmaceuticals and agrochemical agents.Anise Oil - Repels dogs and cats and will kill spider mites and aphids.Annual Tillage - is probably the most important weed management practice.Ant Lions - They resemble damsel flies but they have longer and blunter antennae; they are weak fliers. Adultsand larvae eat ants, ticks, small insects.Antibiosis - Some plants, e.g., garlic and marigolds, produce volatile oils, known as phytoalexins, that canrepel, injure or even kill pests, e.g., insects and/or fungi. Some plants even react by killing the tissue around thearea of the infestation, as well as killing the pathogen. Some plants encase repellents in vacuoles (little cellularpackages) that rupture when the insect or animal bites into the plant.Antibiotic - All antibiotics come from the soil and are substances produced by some microorganisms that inhibitother microorganisms; used properly they save lives. Used too often they create super bugs and resistant species.Antibiotics - e.g., Flagyl ® , tetracyclene, etc. Even 250 ml. soaked into cardboard as a bait station will kill anentire colony of termites in days in days by destroying the microflora and/or bacteria in their guts. Flagyl alsokills the protozoa in their guts. There are several natural antibiotics in this chapter, e.g., goldenseal.Ants - In 324 B.C.E. the Chinese introduced ants (Acephali armaragina) to their citrus groves to control caterpillarsand large boring beetles. If you follow ants up the tree, you will find the aphids, scale and/or disease.356