Astroparticle Physics

Index 423– – of muon neutrinos, 150– – of muons, 146, 147, 154– – of primary nuclei, 79– – of protons, 146– threshold, 37– total, 252, 394, 399– – relativistic, 36– vacuum, see vacuum energy– zero-point, 253, 336entropy, 399– conservation, 219equality of matter and radiation,see matter–radiationequalityequation– acceleration, 183, 252, 299,400– differential, 386– fluid, 182, 200, 312, 400– Friedmann, 177, 178, 179,183, 198, 247, 251, 313– – matter dominance, 230– – solving, 199– of cosmology, 213, 214– of state, 182, 198, 252, 398–– parameter, see wparameter– rate, 222equator, celestial, 401equatorial coordinates, 401equilibrium– distribution, 390, 392, 399– number density, 217– thermal, 214–217, 222, 394– – departure from, 202, 210equipartition of energy, 390EROS, 17, 271, 311error (propagation), 384escape velocity, 274, 311evaporation of neutrons, 323even–even nuclei, 79even–odd nuclei, 79event– high-energy, 163, 166, 168,169– highest-energy, 82, 294– – nucleus, 163– horizon, 14, 118, 192, 311– rate, 49evolution– biological, 288, 289– stellar, 287exchange particle, 39excitation, 51– of fields, 253expansion, see also scale factor– accelerated, 252, 254, 285– adiabatic, 182– binomial, 381– discovery, 6– exponential, 252, 254, 266,281, see also inflation– Hubble, 12, 173, 240– model, 311– multipole, 236, 387– non-relativistic, 184– quasi-exponential, 263– rate, 176, 201, 214,216–219, 226, 257, 258, 281– – constant, 252Expérience pour la Recherched’Objets Sombres, seeEROSexperiment– accelerator, 293– ALEPH, 155– AMANDA, 88, 107, 300– ANTARES, 277– Auger, 83, 158, 169– Baksan scintillator, 2– balloon, 3, 79, 124, 143, 284– beam-dump, 302– Boomerang, 243, 284– CDMS, 278– Davis, 13, 96, 309– DONUT, 13–fixed-target,312– Fly’s Eye, 160, 166, 313– Frejus, 156– GALLEX, 13, 96, 313– HERA, 166– IMB, 103– Kamiokande, 13, 96, 101,103, 318– Maxima, 243, 284– radiochemical, 95– SAGE, 13, 96, 329– satellite, 79, 124– SNO, 18, 283– Super-Kamiokande, 17, 88,96, 283, 332– underground, 161Explorer I satellite, 7explosion, thermonuclear, 130exponential expansion, 252,254, 266, 281, see alsoinflationexponential function, 382extended dimension, 311extensive air shower, see airshower, extensiveextra dimensions, 32extragalactic– matter sample, 77– neutrinos, 104– radiation, 82, 311– sources, 118, 132extrasolar– planets, 18– X rays, 124extraterrestrial intelligence, 18false vacuum, 255, 279, 311families, 311– neutrino, see neutrino,families and generation– of particles, 21Fermi– acceleration mechanism, 10,68, 312– constant, 216– –Dirac distribution, 195,312, 389, 393– energy, 274, 312Fermi, E., 10fermion, 23, 24, 312, 389, 393,395, 396– antisymmetrization, 391– bosonic partner, 276– gas, relativistic, 274– generation, 15– relativistic, 215– supersymmetry, 276fermionic partner, 276