Astroparticle Physics

Index 429magnitude, 187, 320– apparent, 301magnitudo, see magnitudemain-sequence star, 320Mairan, J.-J. d’Ortous de, 3map, cosmographic, 238, 307Markarian galaxies, see galaxy,MarkarianMaskawa, T., 31mass, 321– atomic, 301– attenuation coefficient, 113– axion, theoretical, 279– Chandrasekhar, 305– conserved, 280– density– – cosmic, 269– – galaxy, 267, 268– – neutrino, 274– – universe, 269– difference, of neutron andproton, 215, 217– eigenstate, 31, 90– electron, temperature, 218– fraction– – helium-4, see helium-4mass fraction– – light nuclei, 223– galactic halo, content, 271– hierarchy, 98, 273, 274– Jeans, 318– kaon, 42– missing, 321– muon, 42– neutrino, see neutrino mass– nucleon, 214, 221– number, 321– pion, 39, 42– Planck, 192, 325, 403– quark, 24, 288– rest, 35, 39, 328– shell, 39– spectrum, of brown stars,270, 271– WIMP, 278Massive Compact Halo Object,see MACHOmassive quark stars, 271matter– anti-, see antimatter– asymmetry with antimatter,211, 296, 321– baryonic, 265, 268, 269,275, 281, 283, 295–dark,see dark matter– degenerate, 309– density, 243, 280– – dilution, 280– – total, universe, 275– dominance, 229, 230, 239,240, 247, 259, 260, 296–– Ω parameter, 257– energy density, 243– extragalactic, 77– hadronic, 21– luminous, 269– non-baryonic, 281– non-luminous, 269, 283– non-relativistic, 200– oscillation, 321– photons decoupling from,233, 234– –radiation equality, 229,230, 247, 259, 260, 321– – before, 239– visible, 265, 269Maxima experiment, 243, 284Mayor, M., 18McNaught, R., 100mean free path, 233, 234mean value, 384measurement– abundances, 225– air shower, 159– axion decay, 279– baryon-to-photon ratio, 243– Big Bang nucleosynthesis,227– blackbody radiation, 284– calorimetric, 277–cosmicmicrowavebackground, 232, 237, 238– – angular resolution, 238– energy, 159– nucleus, 50–ofγ rays, 113– power spectrum, 262– proton, 50– scintillation light, 160– technique of extensive airshowers, 158, 160, 161medium, interstellar, 317meson, 25, 321, see also kaon,pion, B 0 meson– charmed, 14, 149, 150metal-poor star and galaxy,222, 223metric tensor, 179metric, Robertson–Walker,179, 329Meyer, P., 11micro-gravitational-lens effect,see microlensingmicrolensing, 17, 270, 271,321microstates– distribution, 390– number, 390, 392, 393– – logarithm, 399– – total, 392microwave background, cosmic,see cosmic microwavebackgroundMikheyev, S. P., 98Milky Way, see galaxymini black hole, see black hole,miniminimum-ionizing particles,53missing mass, 321mixing angle and matrix, 31,91Mk 421, Mk 501, see galaxy,Markarianmodel– cosmology, see StandardCosmological Model– for cosmic-ray acceleration,63– lighthouse, 319– nucleus, shell, 79– of expansion, 311– of inflation, 261– of the universe, 321