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90 7 Analysis of variance8 TREATMENTSTRUCTURE N * S9 BLOCKSTRUCTURE block / plot10 ANOVA [FPROBABILITY=yes] yieldAnalysis of varianceVariate: yieldSource of variation d.f. s.s. m.s. v.r. F pr.block stratum 2 0.30850 0.15425 3.44block.plot stratumN 2 4.59223 2.29611 51.22
7.4 Plots of residuals7.4 Plots of residuals 91Procedure APLOT provides up to four types of plots of residuals so that you can check theassumptions of the analysis.The plots are selected using the METHOD parameter, with settings: fitted for residualsversus fitted values, normal for a Normal plot, halfnormal for a half-Normal plot,histogram for a histogram of residuals, absresidual for a plot of the absolute valuesof the residuals versus the fitted values, and index for a plot against an "index" variable(specified by the INDEX option). The default isMETHOD=fitted,normal,halfnormal,histogram.The residuals and fitted values areaccessed automatically from thestructure specified by the SAVEoption of APLOT. If the SAVEoption is not set, they are taken fromthe SAVE structure of the last y-variate to have been analysed byANOVA. By default, simple residualsare plotted, but you can set optionRMETHOD=standardized to plotstandardized residuals instead.Figure 7.6 shows the default plotsfrom the analysis of the canola datain Section 7.3.Chapter 4 of the Guide to Anovaand Design on GenStat has moreinformation about the assumptions.Further details about APLOT can befound in the Guide to the GenStatCommand Language, Part 2Statistics, Section 4.1.4.Figure 7.67.5 PracticalSeven litters each of five rats were used in a randomized-block design (with litters asblocks) to study the effects of different diets on the gain in weight of rats. Analyse thedata, in file Ratblocks.gsh, to see whether there are any differences between the diets.Plot and assess the residuals.7.6 Plots of meansProcedure AGRAPH can be used to plot tables of means from an ANOVA analysis. If noneof its options or parameters are specified, AGRAPH plots the first two-way table of meansin the most recent ANOVA (or for the first one-way table if there were no two-way tables).Alternatively, you can plot means from an earlier analysis, by using the SAVE option ofAGRAPH to specify its save structure (saved using the SAVE option of the ANOVAcommand that performed the analysis).Usually, each mean is represented by a point. However, with high-resolution plots, theMETHOD option can be set to lines to draw lines between the points, or data to drawjust the lines and then also plot the original data values, or barchart to plot the meansas a barchart, or splines to plot the points together with a smooth spline to show thetrend over each group of points. The DFSPLINE specifies the degrees of freedom for thesplines; if this is not set, 2 d.f. are used when there are up to 10 points, 3 if there are 11
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1.1 Menus and windows 3Figure 1.3Ot
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This opens the Working Directory me
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1.1 Menus and windows 7Figure 1.11
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1.1 Menus and windows 9Lower quarti
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to obtain some information about wh
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the help page about the command PRI
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1.3 Commands 15Figure 1.26In GenSta
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2 Data structuresIn this chapter yo
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24 2 Data structuresYou can filter
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28 3 SyntaxString tokens can always
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30 3 Syntax3.3 PracticalUse the VAR
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32 3 SyntaxPRINT [SERIAL=no] branch
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