Aviation Electronics Technician 1 - Historic Naval Ships Association

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the following methods: short circuiting, dissipation,open circuiting, or a combination of all three.Discrete components are normally used toachieve interference reduction at the source.Capacitors, resistors, and inductors are used to shortcircuit, dissipate, and open circuit the interference,respectively.CAPACITORSShort circuiting of interference is done by usingcapacitors connected across the source. The perfectcapacitor looks like an open circuit to dc or the powerfrequency, and progressively as a shoft circuit to ac asthe frequency is increased.FunctionThe function of a capacitor in connection withradio interference filtering is to provide alow-impedance, radio-frequency path across thesource. When the reactance of the capacitor is lowerthan the impedance of the power lines to the source,high-frequency voltages see the capacitor as a shorterpath to ground. The capacitor charges to the linevoltage. It then tends to absorb transient rises in theline voltage and to provide energy for cancelingtransient drops in the line voltage.LimitationsThe efficiency of a perfect capacitor in bypassingradio interference increases indirect proportion to thefrequency of the interfering voltage, and in directproportion to the capacitance of the capacitor. Allcapacitors have both inductance and resistance. Anylead for connecting the capacitor has inductance andresistance as a direct function of lead length andinverse function of lead diameter. Some resistance isinherent in the capacitor itself in the form of dielectricleakage. Some inductance is inherent in the capacitor,which is usually proportional to the capacitance.The effect of the inherent resistance in ahigh-grade capacitor is negligible as far as its filteringaction is concerned. The inherent inductance, plusthe lead inductance, seriously affects the frequencyrange over which the capacitor is useful. The bypassvalue of a capacitor with inductance in series varieswith frequency.At frequencies where inductive reactance is muchless than capacitive reactance, the capacitor looksvery much like a pure capacitance. As the frequencyapproaches a frequency at which the inductivereactance is equal to the capacitive reactance, the netseries reactance becomes smaller until the resonantfrequency, a point of zero impedance, is reached. Atthis point, maximum bypass action occurs. Atfrequencies above the resonant frequency, theinductive reactance becomes greater than thecapacitive reactance. The capacitor then exhibits anet inductive reactance, whose value increases withfrequency. At frequencies much higher than theresonant frequency, the value of the capacitor as abypass becomes lost.The frequency at which the reversal of reactanceoccurs is controlled by the size of the capacitor andthe length of the leads. For instance, the installationof a very large capacitor frequently requires the use oflong leads. As an example of the influence of leadlength upon the bypass value of a capacitor, thefollowing data is presented to a typical 4-microfaradcapacitor whose inherent inductance is 0.0129 henrys:LEAD LENGTHCROSSOVER FREQUENCY1 inch 0.47 MHz2 inches 0.41 MHz3 inches 0.34 MHz4 inches 0.30 MHz6 inches 0.25 MHzNote that for the 4-µF capacitor, each additionalinch of lead causes the capacitance-inductancecrossover point to be reduced.In figure 10-2, notice the capacitance-toinductancecrossover frequencies for various leadlengths of a 0.05 microfarad capacitor. Also, noticethe difference in the crossover frequencies for the3-inch lead for the 4-µF capacitor, discussed above,and for the 3-inch lead for the 0.05-capacitorreferenced in figure 10-2.Coaxial Feedthrough CapacitorsCoaxial feedthrough capacitors are available withcapacitances from 0.00005 to about 2 µF. Thesecapacitors work well up to frequencies several timesthose at which capacitors with leads become useless.10-8
Figure 10-2.-Crossover frequency of a 0.05-microfarad capacitor with various lead lengths.The curves in figure 10-3 compare the bypassvalue of a feedthrough capacitor of 0.05 µF with thatof a hypothetically perfect capacitor of the samecapacitance. The feedthrough capacitor differs fromthe capacitor with leads in that the feedthroughcapacitor type forms a part of both the circuit beingfiltered and the shield used to isolate the filteredsource. Lead length has been reduced to zero. Thecenter conductor of the feedthrough capacitor mustcarry all the current of the filtered source and musthave an adequate current rating to ensure against dcloss or power frequency insertion loss. The internalFigure 10-3.-Crosover frequency of a 0.05-microfarad feedthrough capacitor.10-9
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PASS/FAIL ASSIGNMENT PROCEDURESIf y
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Student CommentsCourse Title:Aviati
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Table 1-1.-Radio-Frequency Spectrum
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Figure 1-3.-LS-602/AI control panel
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Figure 1-4.-Manchester encoding.thr
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they can complete a full cycle. The
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one-shot circuit output is directly
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Figure 1-7.-VHF-AM control box.Figu
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indicators in the following text. E
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Figure 1-11.-C-9245/ARC-161 control
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and the PWR/FILL switch is not in t
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panel is in OFF. If the DTS control
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the keyboard are sent directly. Rec
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the signal data converter, where it
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Navigation is both an art and a sci
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this axis at right angles to it (fi
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. Course is the intended horizontal
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The standard atmosphere is theoreti
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eadings are higher than actual. Thi
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The barometric switch in the RAWS a
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Major ComponentsThe AN/ARN-84(V) TA
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the outputs is used for the automat
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DOPPLERIn the following text we wil
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CHAPTER 3RADARAs an avionics superv
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the antennas will stop at the posit
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AS-2146/APS-115 AntennaThe radar an
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completes the processing of radar a
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In the on-line mode, the sensor sta
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Mode SwitchThe mode switch is pract
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purpose of the horizon line is to i
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Maximum range for tracking is 40,00
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transmit a reply when RF interrogat
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airspeed-altitude computer. All fra
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SIF reply code is identical to the
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In mode 4, the reply video pulse is
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sound wave. The frequency (in hertz
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to affect the rate of travel of the
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DOPPLER EFFECTWhen there is relativ
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Figure 4-7.-Transducer installed on
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The Sonar Detecting-Range Set AN/AQ
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Figure 4-16.-RO-358/ASQ-13A.mechani
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applies 115 volts ac to the transmi
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are known as angles of dip (fig. 4-
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feet in length and represents the f
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compensation is needed for the long
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labeled ALT COMP. This switch is us
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select which signal goes to which p
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the passive directional sonobuoy (f
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REVIEW QUESTIONSQ1. How was the wor
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TACAN signals. When localizer signa
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1. The HEADING NO-GO indicator illu
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Figure 5-7.-New optical sight with
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computer’s program determines whi
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ias circuit, horizontal and vertica
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Figure 5-9.-Symbology—Continued.5
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Figure 5-14.-Sparrow mode.Figure 5-
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TACTICAL DISPLAY SYSTEM INTERFACEFi
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electrical signal, which varies in
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noise-free at that level. The impor
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Like the random interlace, this sys
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The polarity of the signal develope
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The SEC tube has applications in ex
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CHAPTER 6INFRAREDThe term infrared
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Table 6-1.-Characteristics of IR Ra
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potential difference across a PN ju
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system increases, and the reliabili
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used in the Navy, their principles
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signals from the control servomecha
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Figure 6-15.-FLIR positioning/stabi
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Figure 6-17.-Video converter video
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clamping signals from the sync gene
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shared by both azimuth and elevatio
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where they are converted into three
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go to the azimuth/elevation heat si
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TARGET TRACKING SIGHT CONTROLAs men
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control is injected in this module.
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CHAPTER 7WEAPONS SYSTEMSAs a result
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Figure 7-5.-Master light control pa
Page 169 and 170: Rocket firing systemWalleye systemA
Page 171 and 172: The wing-form display is displayed
Page 173 and 174: Figure 7-15.-Emergency jettison con
Page 175 and 176: The A/A weapon select switch select
Page 177 and 178: Part of the system consists of unpr
Page 179 and 180: Figure 7-22.-SH-3 (series) search a
Page 181 and 182: ottle and the ECU are mounted on to
Page 183 and 184: Figure 7-25.-Pylon/rack assembly.ci
Page 185: REVIEW QUESTIONSQ1. True or False.
Page 188 and 189: COMPUTER APPLICATIONSTYPES OF COMPU
Page 190 and 191: the most important. This data manip
Page 192 and 193: and other data that are to be used
Page 194 and 195: to represent the same data that was
Page 196 and 197: compatibility permits the computer
Page 198 and 199: most cases, the processing speed fa
Page 200 and 201: 4. Stores the results of manipulati
Page 202 and 203: An overall check of a computer can
Page 205 and 206: CHAPTER 9AUTOMATIC CARRIER LANDING
Page 207 and 208: stabilized deck-coordinated system
Page 209 and 210: Figure 9-3.-Mode I landing sequence
Page 211: Figure 9-5.-Lateral automatic wave-
Page 214 and 215: Precipitation StaticPrecipitation s
Page 216 and 217: l Sliding-contact interference. Thi
Page 218 and 219: the signal applied to it. These spu
Page 222 and 223: Figure 10-4.-Internal construction
Page 224 and 225: Figure 10-9.-Methods for using RC f
Page 226 and 227: Band-Rejection FiltersA band-reject
Page 228 and 229: Causes of Static ElectricityGenerat
Page 230 and 231: composed of carbon particles, impre
Page 233 and 234: APPENDIX 1REFERENCES USED TODEVELOP
Page 235: Chapter 7Airborne Weapons/Stores Lo
Page 238 and 239: CHAPTER 3A1.A2.A3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A9
Page 240 and 241: A7. Linking two or more computers t
Page 242 and 243: FORMULASAIII-2
Page 244 and 245: AIII-4
Page 246 and 247: Comparison of Units in Electric and
Page 248 and 249: Antisubmarine warfare weapons syste
Page 250 and 251: Electrostatic discharge, 10-15compo
Page 252 and 253: Heads-up display (HUD), 5-5air-to-a
Page 254 and 255: NNavigation basics, 2-1airborne nav
Page 256 and 257: Teletype system, 1-22block diagram,
Page 259: Assignment QuestionsInformation: Th
Page 262 and 263: 1-11. What will the Sillumination o
Page 264 and 265: 1-35.1-36.1-37.1-38.UHF-1 does NOT
Page 266 and 267: 1-59. What arethat thetactical1. Fr
Page 268 and 269: ASSIGNMENT 2Textbook Assignment:
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IN ANSWERING QUESTIONS 2-22 THROUGH
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2-43. What method does the AN/APN-1
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2-64. What distance is the maximum
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3-12.3-13.The antenna position prog
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3-32. The 128 nautical mile range i
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IN ANSWERING QUESTION 3-53,FIGURE 3
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3-74. What is the nominal peak powe
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4-12. Sonar transmission losses can
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4-31.4-32.4-33.When positive gradie
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4-52. The function of the dual curs
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4-71. The angle between a magnetic
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IN ANSWERING QUESTIONS 5-9 THROUGH
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5-29. What component contains theop
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5-51. What type of RF output signal
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ASSIGNMENT 6Textbook Assignment:
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6-20. On the HSI, when a tactical m
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6-42. What control(s) the symbolbri
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6-65. Which, if any, of the followi
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7-11. If the temperature of a black
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7-34.A scan mirror is indexed three
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7-56. What is the primary differenc
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ASSIGNMENT 8Textbook Assignment:
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8-21. With the landing gear handle
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8-42. With the F/A-18 AIM-9 Sidewin
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8-66. The jettison of wing stores I
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9-13. What method is used to change
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9-36. In magnetic core memories, a
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9-57. What typeaccess toof instruct
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10-12. To maintain the angle-of-att
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10-35. A receiver tuned to 2.4 kHze
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10-55. When rubbed against any of t
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Aviation Electronics Technician 1 - Historic Naval Ships Association

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