Integrating Immigrant Children into Schools in Europe

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Chapter 2 – Demographic Trends2.3. Breakdown of Numbers of Asylum Seekers in EuropeEuropean countries are destinations recognised by asylum seekers, given their political stability anddemocratic regimes, which imply a commitment to respect for human rights. Figure 2.3 illustrates trendsin the number of applications for asylum by country during the period from 1997 to 2002. It reveals thatthe majority of applications are made to certain EU Member States in particular.100806040Figure 2.3: Number of applications for asylum by country,1997-2002(x 1 000) (x 1 000)10080604020200100BE(:) (:) (:) (:) (:) (:) (:) (:) (:) (:)CZ DK DE EE EL ES FR IE IT CY LV LT LUHU0100808060604040200(:) (:) (:) (:) (:) (:) (:) (:) (:) (:) (:)(:) (:) (:) (:) (:) (:) (:) (:)MT NL AT PL PT SI SK FI SE UK IS LI NO BG RO1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002200BE CZ DK DE EE EL ES FR IE IT CY LV LT LU HU MT NL AT PL PT SI SK FI SE UK IS LI NO BG RO1997 11.8 2.1 5.1 104.4 (:) 4.4 5.0 21.4 3.9 1.9 (:) (:) (:) 0.4 (:) (:) 34.4 6.7 (:) 0.3 0.1 (:) 1.0 9.7 32.5 (:) (:) 1.8 0.4 (:)1998 22.0 (:) 5.7 98.6 0.0 3.0 4.9 22.4 4.6 13.1 (:) (:) 0.2 1.7 7.1 (:) 45.2 13.8 (:) 0.4 0.3 (:) 1.3 12.8 46.0 (:) (:) 2.3 (:) (:)1999 35.8 7.4 6.5 94.8 0.0 1.5 8.4 30.9 7.7 18.5 0.8 0.0 0.1 2.9 1.1 (:) 39.3 20.1 (:) 0.3 0.7 (:) 3.1 11.2 71.2 (:) 0.1 10.2 1.3 (:)2000 42.7 8.8 10.3 78.6 0.0 3.1 7.9 38.7 10.4 15.2 0.7 0.0 0.3 0.6 7.8 0.2 43.9 18.3 4.7 0.2 9.2 1.6 3.2 16.3 80.3 (:) (:) (:) 1.8 (:)2001 24.5 18.1 12.5 88.3 0.0 5.5 9.5 47.3 10.3 (:) 1.6 0.0 0.4 0.7 9.6 0.2 32.6 30.1 4.5 0.2 1.5 8.2 1.7 23.5 71.4 (:) (:) 14.8 2.4 2.42002 18.8 8.5 5.9 71.1 0.0 5.7 6.3 51.1 11.6 (:) 1.0 0.0 0.4 1.0 6.4 0.4 18.7 39.4 5.2 0.2 0.7 9.7 3.4 33.0 85.9 (:) (:) (:) 2.9 (:)Source: Eurostat, Population and social conditions, demography, New Cronos, data obtained in February 2004.Additional notesItaly: 1999 and 2000, provisional data.Norway: 1999, estimateExplanatory noteData relating to applications for asylum include all persons who apply for asylum or similar protection in accordancewith Article 1 of the Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees of 28 July 1951, as amended by the New YorkProtocol of 31 January 1967. This data is recorded on an individual basis either at an airport or land border on thearrival of the persons concerned, or actually inside the country and irrespective of whether those concerned haveentered it legally (for example, as tourists), or irregularly.Most EU member countries register individual applications. Other countries register them solely in certain cases.National totals may include renewed applications. Because of these various methods of collecting data, the latter arenot fully comparable from one country to the next.23
Integrating Immigrant Children into Schools in EuropeThe EU Member States that have registered the greatest numbers of applications for asylum during theperiod under consideration are Germany and the United Kingdom. Between them, they account foralmost 40 % of the total number of applications for asylum submitted within the European Union.The number remains relatively high in Belgium, France, the Netherlands and Austria. Yet in 2002, thesecountries registered considerably fewer applications for asylum than Germany and the United Kingdom.In all, the foregoing six Member States alone account for around 73 % of the total number of asylumapplications submitted in the 25 EU countries (excluding Italy for which the figure is not available). Allcountries have experienced marked variations in the number of asylum applications during the periodconcerned. For example, Germany and the United Kingdom experienced contrasting trends in changes inthe number of asylum applications between 1997 and 2002. While there was a net decrease in thisnumber in Germany during those years, the United Kingdom reported an increase.The size of the population of a particular country may have a bearing on the number of registeredapplications for asylum. The total number of applications should therefore be considered in relation tothe total population of the country concerned. Figure 2.4 shows the ‘asylum ratio’ relating the number ofapplications registered by each country to its population.In 2002, Austria, Sweden and Norway recorded the highest asylum applications ratios (over 3 ‰). Irelandand Luxembourg have an asylum ratio of over 2 ‰. In Germany and the United Kingdom in which thehighest absolute numbers of asylum applications are registered, the asylum ratios are 0.86‰ and 1.2‰respectively. The situation is fairly similar in France.Finally, a few countries for which data are available have very low ratios (under 0.05 ‰), namely Estonia,Latvia and Portugal.5432Figure 2.4: Number of asylum applications per 1000 inhabitants (asylum ratio),2002‰ ‰543210BECZDKDEEE(:) (:) (:) (:) (:)EL ES FR IE IT CY LV LT LU HU MT NL AT PL PT SI SK FI SE UK IS LI NO BG ROBE CZ DK DE EE EL ES FR IE IT CY LV LT LU HU MT NL AT PL PT SI SK FI SE UK IS LI NO BG RO1.82 0.83 1.11 0.86 0.01 (:) 0.16 0.86 2.98 (:) 1.35 0.01 0.11 2.35 0.63 0.89 1.16 4.90 0.13 0.02 0.33 1.81 0.66 3.71 1.19 (:) (:) 3.28 0.37 (:)Source: Eurostat, Population and social conditions, demography, New Cronos (data obtained in February 2004).Additional notesCzech Republic, Ireland and Malta: Total estimated population.France: Provisional estimate of the total population.United Kingdom and Norway: 2001.Explanatory noteThis indicator has been calculated by dividing the number of applications for asylum, by the total population. Theasylum ratio expresses the number of applications for every 1000 inhabitants.1024
Page 2 and 3: EURYDICEIntegrating Immigrant Child
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Integrating Immigrant Children into
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ANNEXESANNEXE 1 (Chapter 1)Figure 1
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AnnexesD. Children of immigrant par
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ANNEXE 2 (CHAPTER 4)Figure 2.1: Typ
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Language-learning support measuresI
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UK-SCTLanguage-learning support mea
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AnnexesAT Curricula for German as a
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AnnexesPerson responsible for suppo
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TABLE OF FIGURESChapter 2: Demograp
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REFERENCESLEGISLATIVE DOCUMENTSCoun
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ReferencesUniversity Research Insti
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSEURYDICE NETWORKA.
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AcknowledgementsIRELANDEurydice Uni
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Integrating Immigrant Children into
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