"JSPS External Review Report" was issued.(PDF File 1.22MB)

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Expansion of researcher fostering programsThe JSPS fellowship program for young Japanese scientists, inaugurated inFY1959, had adopted 100 scientists by 1967, but after the JSPS wasreorganized in 1968, numbers were boosted until in 1984, around 400fellowships were being awarded every year.However, recognition was widening of the need for further assistance foryoung researchers as a means of fostering and securing researchers, and theScience Council report entitled “Basic Measures to Improve Japan’sScientific Research Regime ” also noted that the current fellowship systemwas inadequate as a measure for fostering and securing outstanding youngresearchers. The system should be reviewed and consolidated as necessary,with comprehensive considerations undertaken to ensure that the aims ofthe fellowship system were sufficiently achieved and appropriate measuresdesigned accordingly. Further, the paper recommended, thought needed tobe given to widening the scope of the fellowship system to includeparticularly outstanding doctoral students.Based on the Science Council recommendations, in FY1985, the JSPSestablished a new JSPS Research Fellowship program in place of the JSPSfellowship program for young Japanese scientists. The new program wasdesigned to supply monthly fellowship and Grants-in-Aid for ScientificResearch over a two-year period to postdoctorals and doctoral students.In addition, to foster and secure the talented and internationally-orientedresearchers who will bear the future of Japanese science, in 1982, the JSPSalso set up the Postdoctoral Fellowships for Research Abroad program,providing a certain level of funding for outstanding young researchers toenable these to focus on long-term research at foreign universities and otherscientific research institutions. The program pays for round-trip air tickets,living expenses and a research grant to young postdoctoral researchers for atwo-year research abroad.The Postdoctoral Fellowships for Foreign Researchers program began inFY1959 as the Visiting Research Associate program, and was suspended in1975 when this program was integrated with the Invitation Fellowship113
program. In FY1979, however, a program was established for the invitationof young German and British researchers who had recently completed theirdoctorates, based on nominations from the Royal Society in the UnitedKingdom and the West German Humboldt Foundation, modeled onfellowship programs such as that of the Humboldt Foundation. Recognizingthe valuable experience which young Japanese researchers had gainedthrough the goodwill of the UK, the US, France and other developedcountries in the postwar period, the program was intended to contribute tointernational scientific exchange at Japan’s expense, starting with theextension of invitations to young British and West German researchers.The title of the program has since been changed to Postdoctoral Fellowshipsfor Foreign Researchers and the content expanded to include all countriesand a greater number of places.Inauguration of Grants- in- Aid for Scientific ResearchMonbusho’s support for scientific research stretches back to the scientificresearch grants launched in 1939, but the current Grants-in-Aid forScientific Research represent the 1965 integration of scientific research,scientific experimental research, and research results publication funding.Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research comprise research assistance intendedto significantly promote exceptional, original and pioneering research in allareas from the humanities and social sciences through natural science as ameans of promoting Japanese science. Research costs are subsidized forfundamental research planned by university and other researchers orresearcher groups which has been determined through peer review to be inline with scientific research trends and of particular importance.Grants-in-Aid represent the Japanese government’s main avenue ofresearch funding as a means of forming the country’s research foundations,and are indispensable for a country seeking to build itself on scientific andtechnological creativity. Recognizing this, MEXT decided to institutesweeping reforms in regard to the administrative processing ofGrants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, improving the screening process andservices to researchers. To this end, the Japan Society for the Promotion of114
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Japan Society forthe Promotion of S
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December 20, 2002From: Hiroo Imura,
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Japan Society for the Promotion of
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After the meeting, the committee ch
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natural sciences and engineering.Th
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lic understanding of science.The sc
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To support "elite” researchers is
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External Review Report1. JSPS's Bas
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3. Overview of JSPS and Its Program
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Future issues related to JSPS’s o
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Finding promising young researchers
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Flexible use of research fundsGener
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ences, or publishing books in field
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and corporations to exchange inform
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Problems associated with elite rese
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(3) Research Fellowship for Young S
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6. JSPS's International Exchange Pr
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Third, regarding JSPS’s bilateral
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process of peer-reviewed proposals.
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8. Expectations in JSPSJSPS has ove
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Review Committee MembersProfessor S
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Professor Sir Michael John Berridge
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Professor Erling NorrbySecretary Ge
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Dr. Akito ArimaMember of the House
Page 53 and 54: Professor Hiroyuki ToriiEditorial W
Page 55 and 56: External Review of JSPS ProgramsRev
Page 57 and 58: Development of International exchan
Page 59 and 60: List of AcronymsCOECRESTDCFYIAIIRCP
Page 61 and 62: R&D expenditure by sector (amount u
Page 63 and 64: yen)- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific
Page 65 and 66: (2) University research activitiesT
Page 67 and 68: councils (faculty meetings, senate,
Page 69 and 70: Research System at UniversitiesThe
Page 71 and 72: themselves (private universities) i
Page 73 and 74: technology (34.3 billion yen drawn
Page 75 and 76: establishing Japan in second place
Page 77 and 78: variety of fields, as central stron
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Page 81 and 82: expansion of recruitment system bas
Page 83 and 84: - Development of intellectual found
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Page 87 and 88: technology funding requests were th
Page 89 and 90: SpecialCoordinationFunds forPromoti
Page 91 and 92: transparency and introduction of se
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Page 95 and 96: promote scientific research as a wa
Page 97 and 98: losses of researchers participating
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Page 103: a nation which had gone from underd
Page 107 and 108: provide advice and/or academic expe
Page 109 and 110: one director general, up to three d
Page 111 and 112: Advisory Council Senior Academic A
Page 113 and 114: Liaison Offices.In reflection of th
Page 115 and 116: the following March, with the budge
Page 117 and 118: JSPS organization and mechanisms ne
Page 119 and 120: part of his administrative reform c
Page 121 and 122: Chapter III. Research Grants(1) Gra
Page 123 and 124: applications, and has also conducte
Page 125 and 126: of total research costs which can b
Page 127 and 128: The major difference between this c
Page 129 and 130: groups and have already proved prac
Page 131 and 132: CategoriesScientific Research(S)Aid
Page 133 and 134: means that only researchers at rese
Page 135 and 136: Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Resear
Page 137 and 138: Grants-in-Aid Organizational ChartJ
Page 139 and 140: discipline and related disciplines
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Page 143 and 144: a key technique in non-destructive
Page 145 and 146: students who have passed a review b
Page 147 and 148: This program sought to improve and
Page 149 and 150: up posts at Japanese universities a
Page 151 and 152: suggests that in addition to foster
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(ii) Persons wishing to become full
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to April 1 of the year in which the
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each discipline. In the case of PD
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of both the applicant (host researc
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Royal Society (RS)UKBritish Academy
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Chapter V. International Scientific
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In addition, in FY2000, the JSPS in
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evaluated highly.(c) Joint Seminars
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* Purpose and Outline of the Progra
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esearchers to leading scientists an
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External Review of JSPS ProgramsSta
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New and Continued ProjectsCategoryS
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New and Continued ProjectsCategoryN
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FY2000As of April 1, 2000PD DC Tota
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Postdoctoral Fellowship for Researc
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Postdoctoral Fellowships for Foreig
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V. International Scientific Exchang
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Region Country 1991 1996 2000 2001R
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Number of Fellowships by CountryReg
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JSPS Award for Eminent ScientistsFY
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Chapter II. Overview of the Japan S
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Chapter III. Research Grants(1) Cha
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Chapter IV. Fostering Researchers(1
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accordance with the number of fello
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