"JSPS External Review Report" was issued.(PDF File 1.22MB)

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eview system for the Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Program so that is able to accommodatea marked increase in future applicants.Multiple applicationsJSPS is lauded for the enhancements it has made to the review system and other aspects of theGrants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Program after receiving its transfer from MEXT. That said,the Committee would like to recommend that grant applications under the program be accepted anumber of times each year, rather than once a year as is the current practice. As the number ofapplication periods per year varies with culture and program characteristics between each country,the members do not wish to obligate JSPS to multiple application periods or to recommend a specificnumber of periods per year. However, by increasing the number of application periods, JSPSwould be able to respond more quickly to rapidly emerging research themes and to accelerate theimplementation of research based on the excellent ideas of researchers. Accordingly, considerationshould be given to establishing a multiple-period application system, which could be phased in insome grant categories or done on an ad hoc recruitment basis. (It should be noted that a minorityopinion held that it is not important to set multiple application periods except in the case of extremelyurgent applications, for which special arrangements could be made.) Needless to say, increasingthe number of application periods will mean a considerable increase in JSPS’s workload. Steps willneed to be taken to realize the staffing augmentation recommended above in Section 3.Increasing budget versus maintaining qualityHaving witnessed large funding augmentations over recent years, the Grants-in-Aid for ScientificResearch Program is currently budgeted at 170 billion yen. Along with this expanded funding hascome a significant increase in the number of grant applicants. Basically speaking, this is desirablefor promoting science and meeting the needs of researchers. However, there is a possibility of rapidfunding increases yielding a decline in the standard of the funded research topics. Attention must,therefore, be given to maintaining the level of research quality while augmenting grant-in-aid funding.(3) University-Industry Cooperative Research ProgramUniversity-industry cooperation comes in many forms. Looking at countries other than Japan,there are those like the US in which close and direct cooperation is expected between universitiesand industry. On the other hand, there are systems like that in Germany where corporate funds donot flow directly to universities, but a certain amount of funds are transferred from industry to donorassociations. These funds are eventually used to support university research. Under this system,therefore, no university research program is regarded as being directly linked with specific corporateresearch. Considering the situation of scientific research in Japan, it cannot be detached from societaldemands, including those of industry; rather many excellent research themes are contained withinthe needs of the industrial sector. Therefore, it is advantageous for researchers in both universities34
and corporations to exchange information. In this context, JSPS’s Program uses university-industrycooperative research committees and a university-industry advisory committee to propose from anacademic perspective important research themes that coincide with the needs of industry. Themesproposed through this process may be selected and supported with grants under the creative scientificresearch category of the Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Program. In the future as well,JSPS is expected to expand further its role as an interface between academia and industry.In Japan, doctoral dissertations and the results of research supported by government funding areas a rule required to be published. In the case, however, of cooperative projects carried out betweenuniversities and industry, as there is a possibility of patent applications being filed, sufficient considerationneeds to be given to protecting the rights of the participating researchers.(4) Research for the Future ProgramThis program is designed to allow Japan’s leading scientists across a spectrum of fields to selectresearch topics for funding that can improve the living standards of the Japanese people and contributeto the country’s socio-economic development. In FY2002, capital investment by the governmentfor this program was terminated and the adoption of new projects suspended. Projects startedbefore this year will be allowed to continue up to five years with funding directly from MEXT. Atpresent, JSPS conducts mid-term and posterior evaluations of the research projects still in progress.Projects carried out under this program are relatively large as they include the industrialization ofresearch based on societal needs. Accordingly, they tend to contain characteristics that would not bequalified for funding under the Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Program. The program is alsoone that can, in an effort to meet diverse societal needs, accommodate interdisciplinary projects thatspan wide research domains, including physical sciences, engineering, medicine, the humanities andsocial sciences. As this is a valuable program, it would be desirable to continue its implementationthrough a different system of funding.35
Page 2: Japan Society forthe Promotion of S
Page 5: December 20, 2002From: Hiroo Imura,
Page 8: Japan Society for the Promotion of
Page 11 and 12: After the meeting, the committee ch
Page 13 and 14: natural sciences and engineering.Th
Page 15 and 16: lic understanding of science.The sc
Page 17 and 18: To support "elite” researchers is
Page 19 and 20: External Review Report1. JSPS's Bas
Page 21 and 22: 3. Overview of JSPS and Its Program
Page 23 and 24: Future issues related to JSPS’s o
Page 25 and 26: Finding promising young researchers
Page 27 and 28: Flexible use of research fundsGener
Page 29: ences, or publishing books in field
Page 33 and 34: Problems associated with elite rese
Page 35 and 36: (3) Research Fellowship for Young S
Page 37 and 38: 6. JSPS's International Exchange Pr
Page 39 and 40: Third, regarding JSPS’s bilateral
Page 41 and 42: process of peer-reviewed proposals.
Page 43 and 44: 8. Expectations in JSPSJSPS has ove
Page 45 and 46: Review Committee MembersProfessor S
Page 47 and 48: Professor Sir Michael John Berridge
Page 49 and 50: Professor Erling NorrbySecretary Ge
Page 51 and 52: Dr. Akito ArimaMember of the House
Page 53 and 54: Professor Hiroyuki ToriiEditorial W
Page 55 and 56: External Review of JSPS ProgramsRev
Page 57 and 58: Development of International exchan
Page 59 and 60: List of AcronymsCOECRESTDCFYIAIIRCP
Page 61 and 62: R&D expenditure by sector (amount u
Page 63 and 64: yen)- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific
Page 65 and 66: (2) University research activitiesT
Page 67 and 68: councils (faculty meetings, senate,
Page 69 and 70: Research System at UniversitiesThe
Page 71 and 72: themselves (private universities) i
Page 73 and 74: technology (34.3 billion yen drawn
Page 75 and 76: establishing Japan in second place
Page 77 and 78: variety of fields, as central stron
Page 79 and 80: investment, around 17 trillion yen
Page 81 and 82:
expansion of recruitment system bas
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- Development of intellectual found
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closure of universities.(b) Organiz
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technology funding requests were th
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SpecialCoordinationFunds forPromoti
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transparency and introduction of se
Page 93 and 94:
Government Science and Technology S
Page 95 and 96:
promote scientific research as a wa
Page 97 and 98:
losses of researchers participating
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The bill was passed by both the Hou
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Science Program launched in 1963, b
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a nation which had gone from underd
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program. In FY1979, however, a prog
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provide advice and/or academic expe
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one director general, up to three d
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Advisory Council Senior Academic A
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Liaison Offices.In reflection of th
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the following March, with the budge
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JSPS organization and mechanisms ne
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part of his administrative reform c
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Chapter III. Research Grants(1) Gra
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applications, and has also conducte
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of total research costs which can b
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The major difference between this c
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groups and have already proved prac
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CategoriesScientific Research(S)Aid
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means that only researchers at rese
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Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Resear
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Grants-in-Aid Organizational ChartJ
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discipline and related disciplines
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organization’s inception, and has
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a key technique in non-destructive
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students who have passed a review b
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This program sought to improve and
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up posts at Japanese universities a
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suggests that in addition to foster
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West Germany and France”, as a co
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(ii) Persons wishing to become full
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to April 1 of the year in which the
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each discipline. In the case of PD
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of both the applicant (host researc
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Royal Society (RS)UKBritish Academy
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Chapter V. International Scientific
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In addition, in FY2000, the JSPS in
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evaluated highly.(c) Joint Seminars
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* Purpose and Outline of the Progra
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esearchers to leading scientists an
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External Review of JSPS ProgramsSta
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New and Continued ProjectsCategoryS
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New and Continued ProjectsCategoryN
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FY2000As of April 1, 2000PD DC Tota
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Postdoctoral Fellowship for Researc
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Postdoctoral Fellowships for Foreig
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V. International Scientific Exchang
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Region Country 1991 1996 2000 2001R
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Number of Fellowships by CountryReg
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JSPS Award for Eminent ScientistsFY
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Chapter II. Overview of the Japan S
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Chapter III. Research Grants(1) Cha
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Chapter IV. Fostering Researchers(1
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accordance with the number of fello
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