"JSPS External Review Report" was issued.(PDF File 1.22MB)

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propelling forward research which scientists at Japanese universities, etc.,have designed themselves, including exploratory research with the potentialto open doors to the future, research based on outstanding ideas producedby young researchers, and research at the forefront of internationalcompetition. A bottom-up system designed to consolidate Japan’s researchfoundations, it is recognized as Japan’s leading research grant schemes.Every year, around 21,000 grants are given for new research projectsplanned by researchers themselves, not only ensuring diverse scientificresearch but also contributing to the development of new, next-generationdisciplines.JSPS and the Grants- in- Aid systemThe Science and Technology Basic Law, formulated in 1995, led to thecreation of the first Science and Technology Basic Plan, which directed thatcompetitive research funds be expanded as one of the government’s scienceand technology policies. Given the importance of the Grants-in-Aid systemin providing competitive research funds for the promotion of basic research,the budget was significantly bolstered to 117.9 billion yen in FY1998, whilemore requests from researchers from universities, etc., for Grants-in-Aidsaw the number of submitted research proposals rapid increase to around100,000 by the same year.Trends in budget and application figures (FY1988-98)Budget: 48.9 billion yen à 117.9 billion yenNo. of applications: 59,000 à 103,000In 1997, the Prime Minister laid out the National Guideline on the Methodof Evaluation for Research and Development, while researchers atuniversities, etc., were always calling for more detailed screening, earliergrant distribution timed to coincide with the beginning of the fiscal year,and better service. To continue responding to these demands, dramaticimprovements were needed in the screening and evaluation procedures usedfor the Grants-in-Aid system.To contribute to the advance of science, which was one of the aims of itsestablishment, the JSPS engages in research concerning scientific132
applications, and has also conducted grant programs for scientific researchand researchers, as well as promoting international scientific cooperationand otherwise stimulating science.Recognizing the strong track record of the JSPS in promoting science andthe deep trust it had earned from researchers, the MEXT amended theJapan Society for the Promotion of Science Act to include the provision ofGrants-in-Aid for Scientific Research as a JSPS responsibility, thus openingthe way for the transfer of the screening and distribution work for someparts of the Grants-in-Aid process to the JSPS (FY1999). The transfercomprised those research areas which were systemically well-established,and whose screening and distribution procedures were comparativelystandardized and presented little likelihood of operational confusion. TheGrants-in-Aid system has since been administered by the MEXT and theJSPS.Since the transfer, the JSPS has worked to improve and enhance screeningprocedures by greatly boosting the number of Screening Committeemembers (now approximately 2.5 times the number when the scheme wasoperated solely by the MEXT), allowing much more detailed screening.A Research Aid Division has been set up within the JSPS for the schemeand other organizational adjustments made to facilitate the earlier deliveryof grants. To improve the level of service provided for researchers, etc., awebsite has been set up and other measures taken to ensure swifterinformation access.Research categories and JSPS responsibilitiesTo ensure that the Grants-in-Aid system responds to the diverse researchneeds of researchers and promotes Japan’s scientific researchcomprehensively and effectively, it has been designed with a particularemphasis on appropriate screening, establishing various research categoriessuch as purpose, nature, and grant scale.Researchers from universities, etc., submit applications reflecting theseresearch categories, detailing their research organizations, goals, research133
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Japan Society forthe Promotion of S
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December 20, 2002From: Hiroo Imura,
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Japan Society for the Promotion of
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After the meeting, the committee ch
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natural sciences and engineering.Th
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lic understanding of science.The sc
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To support "elite” researchers is
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External Review Report1. JSPS's Bas
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3. Overview of JSPS and Its Program
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Future issues related to JSPS’s o
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Finding promising young researchers
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Flexible use of research fundsGener
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ences, or publishing books in field
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and corporations to exchange inform
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Problems associated with elite rese
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(3) Research Fellowship for Young S
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6. JSPS's International Exchange Pr
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Third, regarding JSPS’s bilateral
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process of peer-reviewed proposals.
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8. Expectations in JSPSJSPS has ove
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Review Committee MembersProfessor S
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Professor Sir Michael John Berridge
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Professor Erling NorrbySecretary Ge
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Dr. Akito ArimaMember of the House
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Professor Hiroyuki ToriiEditorial W
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External Review of JSPS ProgramsRev
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Development of International exchan
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List of AcronymsCOECRESTDCFYIAIIRCP
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R&D expenditure by sector (amount u
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yen)- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific
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(2) University research activitiesT
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councils (faculty meetings, senate,
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Research System at UniversitiesThe
Page 71 and 72: themselves (private universities) i
Page 73 and 74: technology (34.3 billion yen drawn
Page 75 and 76: establishing Japan in second place
Page 77 and 78: variety of fields, as central stron
Page 79 and 80: investment, around 17 trillion yen
Page 81 and 82: expansion of recruitment system bas
Page 83 and 84: - Development of intellectual found
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Page 87 and 88: technology funding requests were th
Page 89 and 90: SpecialCoordinationFunds forPromoti
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Page 95 and 96: promote scientific research as a wa
Page 97 and 98: losses of researchers participating
Page 99 and 100: The bill was passed by both the Hou
Page 101 and 102: Science Program launched in 1963, b
Page 103 and 104: a nation which had gone from underd
Page 105 and 106: program. In FY1979, however, a prog
Page 107 and 108: provide advice and/or academic expe
Page 109 and 110: one director general, up to three d
Page 111 and 112: Advisory Council Senior Academic A
Page 113 and 114: Liaison Offices.In reflection of th
Page 115 and 116: the following March, with the budge
Page 117 and 118: JSPS organization and mechanisms ne
Page 119 and 120: part of his administrative reform c
Page 121: Chapter III. Research Grants(1) Gra
Page 125 and 126: of total research costs which can b
Page 127 and 128: The major difference between this c
Page 129 and 130: groups and have already proved prac
Page 131 and 132: CategoriesScientific Research(S)Aid
Page 133 and 134: means that only researchers at rese
Page 135 and 136: Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Resear
Page 137 and 138: Grants-in-Aid Organizational ChartJ
Page 139 and 140: discipline and related disciplines
Page 141 and 142: organization’s inception, and has
Page 143 and 144: a key technique in non-destructive
Page 145 and 146: students who have passed a review b
Page 147 and 148: This program sought to improve and
Page 149 and 150: up posts at Japanese universities a
Page 151 and 152: suggests that in addition to foster
Page 153 and 154: West Germany and France”, as a co
Page 155 and 156: (ii) Persons wishing to become full
Page 157 and 158: to April 1 of the year in which the
Page 159 and 160: each discipline. In the case of PD
Page 161 and 162: of both the applicant (host researc
Page 163 and 164: Royal Society (RS)UKBritish Academy
Page 165 and 166: Chapter V. International Scientific
Page 167 and 168: In addition, in FY2000, the JSPS in
Page 169 and 170: evaluated highly.(c) Joint Seminars
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esearchers to leading scientists an
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External Review of JSPS ProgramsSta
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New and Continued ProjectsCategoryS
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New and Continued ProjectsCategoryN
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FY2000As of April 1, 2000PD DC Tota
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Postdoctoral Fellowship for Researc
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Postdoctoral Fellowships for Foreig
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V. International Scientific Exchang
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Region Country 1991 1996 2000 2001R
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Number of Fellowships by CountryReg
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JSPS Award for Eminent ScientistsFY
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Chapter II. Overview of the Japan S
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Chapter III. Research Grants(1) Cha
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Chapter IV. Fostering Researchers(1
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accordance with the number of fello
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