"JSPS External Review Report" was issued.(PDF File 1.22MB)

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total of seven. This brings Japan to 12 th below the US, the UK, Germany,France, Sweden, Switzerland, the Netherlands, the former Soviet Union,Denmark, Austria, and Canada.Nobel PrizesPhysics Chemistry PhysiologyandmedicineEconomicsSubtotalFieldsMedalUS 71 49 81 32 233 11UK 20 24 24 6 74 6Germany 21 27 15 1 64 3France 11 7 8 1 27 7Sweden 4 4 8 2 18 1Japan 3 3 1 0 7 3The Japanese laureates and the institutions in which research that wasawarded prizes was principally carried out, are as follows:Prize Year Name Research InstitutionNobel Prizein Physics1949 Hideki Yukawa Kyoto Imperial University OsakaUniversity1965 ShinichiroInstitute for Physical and ChemicalTomonagaResearch Tokyo University ofEducation1973 Leo Esaki Sony CorpIBM Thomas J. WatsonNobel PrizeinChemistryNobel PrizeinPhysiologyandMedicineNobel PrizeinChemistryFieldsMedalResearch Center1981 Kenichi Fukui Kyoto University1987 Susumu Tonegawa Basel Institute for Immunology2000 Hideki Shirakawa Tokyo Institute of Technology2001 Ryoji Noyori Kyoto UniversityNagoya University1954 Kunihiko Kodaira Institute for Advanced Study atPrinceton1970 Heisuke Hironaka Harvard University1990 Shigefumi Mori Kyoto University · Nagoya UniversityIn terms of research papers, the ISI (Institute for Scientific Information)suggest that of the theses, which appeared in the world’s major scientificjournals in 1998, around 10.3 percent, or 66,095, were Japanese,83
establishing Japan in second place to the United States, which boasted210,595 such papers. However, looking at the 1994-1998 relative citationrate, which expresses the frequency of citation as a share of number ofpapers, where the US stood at 1.50, the UK at 1.22 and Germany at 1.06,Japan came in at a comparatively low 0.82.Exact measurement by uniform methods of university research performanceis difficult. But, for example, with regard to the number of papers includedin international science magazines and the number of times papers havebeen cited, according to the National Citation Report (NCR) put out by theISI, from January 1981 to June 1997, over a period of 16 years, Japaneseresearchers published a total of 737,039 papers. Of this figure, paperspublished at universities amounted to 80.0%, while papers published atnational research institutes amounted 18.2%, and papers published atprivate corporations amounted to 16.6 %. With regard to the number oftimes papers was cited, those published at universities hold 7.5 % of thetotal figure while national research institutes etc. hold 7.3 %, and privatecorporations hold 6.3%.In October 2000, the ISI published the results of a survey into “high impactpapers”, those with a very high rate of citation, focusing for their study onthe years 1981-1988. According to this survey, the number of high impactpapers published worldwide amounted to 76,998, and the number of suchpapers published in Japanese institutions amounted to 2,992. The followingtable shows the top 20 institutions in Japan where such high impact paperswere published.Name of InstitutionNo. of high Number of Average rate ofimpact papers times cited citation University of Tokyo 441 86,348 195.80 Kyoto University 347 88,405 254.77 Osaka University 247 63,729 258.01 Tohoku University 160 21,545 134.66 Nagoya University 150 23,317 155.45 Tokyo Institute of Technology 105 13,118 124.93 Kyushu University 96 16,963 176.7084
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Japan Society forthe Promotion of S
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December 20, 2002From: Hiroo Imura,
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Japan Society for the Promotion of
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After the meeting, the committee ch
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natural sciences and engineering.Th
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lic understanding of science.The sc
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To support "elite” researchers is
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External Review Report1. JSPS's Bas
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3. Overview of JSPS and Its Program
Page 23 and 24: Future issues related to JSPS’s o
Page 25 and 26: Finding promising young researchers
Page 27 and 28: Flexible use of research fundsGener
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Page 31 and 32: and corporations to exchange inform
Page 33 and 34: Problems associated with elite rese
Page 35 and 36: (3) Research Fellowship for Young S
Page 37 and 38: 6. JSPS's International Exchange Pr
Page 39 and 40: Third, regarding JSPS’s bilateral
Page 41 and 42: process of peer-reviewed proposals.
Page 43 and 44: 8. Expectations in JSPSJSPS has ove
Page 45 and 46: Review Committee MembersProfessor S
Page 47 and 48: Professor Sir Michael John Berridge
Page 49 and 50: Professor Erling NorrbySecretary Ge
Page 51 and 52: Dr. Akito ArimaMember of the House
Page 53 and 54: Professor Hiroyuki ToriiEditorial W
Page 55 and 56: External Review of JSPS ProgramsRev
Page 57 and 58: Development of International exchan
Page 59 and 60: List of AcronymsCOECRESTDCFYIAIIRCP
Page 61 and 62: R&D expenditure by sector (amount u
Page 63 and 64: yen)- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific
Page 65 and 66: (2) University research activitiesT
Page 67 and 68: councils (faculty meetings, senate,
Page 69 and 70: Research System at UniversitiesThe
Page 71 and 72: themselves (private universities) i
Page 73: technology (34.3 billion yen drawn
Page 77 and 78: variety of fields, as central stron
Page 79 and 80: investment, around 17 trillion yen
Page 81 and 82: expansion of recruitment system bas
Page 83 and 84: - Development of intellectual found
Page 85 and 86: closure of universities.(b) Organiz
Page 87 and 88: technology funding requests were th
Page 89 and 90: SpecialCoordinationFunds forPromoti
Page 91 and 92: transparency and introduction of se
Page 93 and 94: Government Science and Technology S
Page 95 and 96: promote scientific research as a wa
Page 97 and 98: losses of researchers participating
Page 99 and 100: The bill was passed by both the Hou
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Page 103 and 104: a nation which had gone from underd
Page 105 and 106: program. In FY1979, however, a prog
Page 107 and 108: provide advice and/or academic expe
Page 109 and 110: one director general, up to three d
Page 111 and 112: Advisory Council Senior Academic A
Page 113 and 114: Liaison Offices.In reflection of th
Page 115 and 116: the following March, with the budge
Page 117 and 118: JSPS organization and mechanisms ne
Page 119 and 120: part of his administrative reform c
Page 121 and 122: Chapter III. Research Grants(1) Gra
Page 123 and 124: applications, and has also conducte
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of total research costs which can b
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The major difference between this c
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groups and have already proved prac
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CategoriesScientific Research(S)Aid
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means that only researchers at rese
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Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Resear
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Grants-in-Aid Organizational ChartJ
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discipline and related disciplines
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organization’s inception, and has
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a key technique in non-destructive
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students who have passed a review b
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This program sought to improve and
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up posts at Japanese universities a
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suggests that in addition to foster
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West Germany and France”, as a co
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(ii) Persons wishing to become full
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to April 1 of the year in which the
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each discipline. In the case of PD
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of both the applicant (host researc
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Royal Society (RS)UKBritish Academy
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Chapter V. International Scientific
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In addition, in FY2000, the JSPS in
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evaluated highly.(c) Joint Seminars
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* Purpose and Outline of the Progra
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esearchers to leading scientists an
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External Review of JSPS ProgramsSta
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New and Continued ProjectsCategoryS
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New and Continued ProjectsCategoryN
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FY2000As of April 1, 2000PD DC Tota
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Postdoctoral Fellowship for Researc
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Postdoctoral Fellowships for Foreig
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V. International Scientific Exchang
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Region Country 1991 1996 2000 2001R
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Number of Fellowships by CountryReg
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JSPS Award for Eminent ScientistsFY
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Chapter II. Overview of the Japan S
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Chapter III. Research Grants(1) Cha
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Chapter IV. Fostering Researchers(1
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accordance with the number of fello
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