"JSPS External Review Report" was issued.(PDF File 1.22MB)

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In order to expand JSPS's international program base, it will be necessary to improve its operatingsystem with increased staffing levels.A significant role is played in international exchange by JSPS's overseas liaison offices. The systemneeds to be improved by manning these offices with permanent JSPS staffs.7. Envisioned Role for JSPS in FutureJSPS should spearhead improving Japan's scientific research environment.In the future, it will become necessary for JSPS to set priorities for its various programs and forresearch areas.The activities of the world's various funding agencies can provide useful reference for JSPS'sfuture role in this capacity.JSPS should be prudent in its decisions to take an active part in the construction and/or operationof international large science facility projects.It is difficult to envision JSPS taking on stronger characteristics of an academy. However, it willbe important for it to deepen its relations with academic societies.The various changes, including expanding its head’s discretionary authority and increasing operationalflexibility, envisaged in JSPS's conversion to an independent administrative institution aredesirable.It is desirable to establish a board that reflects the opinions of the academic community.8. Expectations in JSPSJSPS should work to establish an environment in which researchers can perform their work in anunencumbered manner. JSPS should assist the national universities in their conversion to nationaluniversity corporations, and should support the overall development of Japan's national, public andprivate universities.21
External Review Report1. JSPS's Basic Stance on Science PromotionNature of Basic ResearchIt is the nature of scientific research, particularly basic research, that advances are difficult topredict. Neither is it possible to measure quantitatively the value of research initiatives by suchmeans as counting the number of papers or citations. Constant effort, therefore, is needed to identifyand germinate research seeds of potential value. As basic research is not directly connected tocommercial profits, private corporations rarely invest capital in it. The government, therefore, hasthe primary responsibility to bear in promoting it. In this context, JSPS has a critical responsibilityas a major provider of basic research funding.Freedom versus responsibility in researchSo as to generate significant results from highly creative ideas, researchers need to be allowedthe maximum degree of freedom possible. However, along with such freedom must come concomitantresponsibility and accountability. JSPS should work to promote science while pursuing adherenceto these parallel principles.Decentralization of authorityGenerally speaking, decisions regarding research are most appropriately made as close to theplace where the work is being conducted as possible. It is, therefore, desirable for JSPS to as muchas possible leave decisions on research implementation to the researchers involved. Concomitantly,it will be incumbent on the researchers to accept a larger burden of responsibility.Competition and evaluationCompetition is vital to sustaining a creative research environment. Such an environment is neededto both attract and nurture excellent researchers and to motivate universities to continually maintainhigh research standards. In promoting such competition, its value must be evaluated and it isonly researchers who are capable of doing so.Uniqueness of Japanese researchHistorically, Japan has developed its scientific research in unique way. In promoting science,Japan should not copy the models of other advanced nations, but should work to create a researchenvironment rooted in its own cultural strengths. Japan has a powerful capacity for conducting collectiveresearch and has shown itself to be highly adept at interdisciplinary endeavors. Though it isa fact that a hierarchical structure does exist within Japan’s research community, there is ampleroom to cultivate individual creativity.23
Page 2: Japan Society forthe Promotion of S
Page 5: December 20, 2002From: Hiroo Imura,
Page 8: Japan Society for the Promotion of
Page 11 and 12: After the meeting, the committee ch
Page 13 and 14: natural sciences and engineering.Th
Page 15 and 16: lic understanding of science.The sc
Page 17: To support "elite” researchers is
Page 21 and 22: 3. Overview of JSPS and Its Program
Page 23 and 24: Future issues related to JSPS’s o
Page 25 and 26: Finding promising young researchers
Page 27 and 28: Flexible use of research fundsGener
Page 29 and 30: ences, or publishing books in field
Page 31 and 32: and corporations to exchange inform
Page 33 and 34: Problems associated with elite rese
Page 35 and 36: (3) Research Fellowship for Young S
Page 37 and 38: 6. JSPS's International Exchange Pr
Page 39 and 40: Third, regarding JSPS’s bilateral
Page 41 and 42: process of peer-reviewed proposals.
Page 43 and 44: 8. Expectations in JSPSJSPS has ove
Page 45 and 46: Review Committee MembersProfessor S
Page 47 and 48: Professor Sir Michael John Berridge
Page 49 and 50: Professor Erling NorrbySecretary Ge
Page 51 and 52: Dr. Akito ArimaMember of the House
Page 53 and 54: Professor Hiroyuki ToriiEditorial W
Page 55 and 56: External Review of JSPS ProgramsRev
Page 57 and 58: Development of International exchan
Page 59 and 60: List of AcronymsCOECRESTDCFYIAIIRCP
Page 61 and 62: R&D expenditure by sector (amount u
Page 63 and 64: yen)- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific
Page 65 and 66: (2) University research activitiesT
Page 67 and 68: councils (faculty meetings, senate,
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Research System at UniversitiesThe
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themselves (private universities) i
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technology (34.3 billion yen drawn
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establishing Japan in second place
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variety of fields, as central stron
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investment, around 17 trillion yen
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expansion of recruitment system bas
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- Development of intellectual found
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closure of universities.(b) Organiz
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technology funding requests were th
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SpecialCoordinationFunds forPromoti
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transparency and introduction of se
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Government Science and Technology S
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promote scientific research as a wa
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losses of researchers participating
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The bill was passed by both the Hou
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Science Program launched in 1963, b
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a nation which had gone from underd
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program. In FY1979, however, a prog
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provide advice and/or academic expe
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one director general, up to three d
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Advisory Council Senior Academic A
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Liaison Offices.In reflection of th
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the following March, with the budge
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JSPS organization and mechanisms ne
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part of his administrative reform c
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Chapter III. Research Grants(1) Gra
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applications, and has also conducte
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of total research costs which can b
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The major difference between this c
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groups and have already proved prac
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CategoriesScientific Research(S)Aid
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means that only researchers at rese
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Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Resear
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Grants-in-Aid Organizational ChartJ
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discipline and related disciplines
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organization’s inception, and has
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a key technique in non-destructive
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students who have passed a review b
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This program sought to improve and
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up posts at Japanese universities a
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suggests that in addition to foster
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West Germany and France”, as a co
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(ii) Persons wishing to become full
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to April 1 of the year in which the
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each discipline. In the case of PD
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of both the applicant (host researc
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Royal Society (RS)UKBritish Academy
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Chapter V. International Scientific
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In addition, in FY2000, the JSPS in
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evaluated highly.(c) Joint Seminars
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* Purpose and Outline of the Progra
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esearchers to leading scientists an
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External Review of JSPS ProgramsSta
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New and Continued ProjectsCategoryS
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New and Continued ProjectsCategoryN
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FY2000As of April 1, 2000PD DC Tota
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Postdoctoral Fellowship for Researc
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Postdoctoral Fellowships for Foreig
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V. International Scientific Exchang
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Region Country 1991 1996 2000 2001R
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Number of Fellowships by CountryReg
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JSPS Award for Eminent ScientistsFY
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Chapter II. Overview of the Japan S
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Chapter III. Research Grants(1) Cha
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Chapter IV. Fostering Researchers(1
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accordance with the number of fello
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"JSPS External Review Report" was issued.(PDF File 1.22MB)

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