him two copies of a book by Bruce Grant to give to Tambunan. 20 The book painted a gloomypicture of the region if Indonesia continued on its current trajectory.East was due to undertake a trip to Sulawesi in September but it was postponed until the endof the course because, according to Tambunan, the Indonesian Communist Party might haveused it to embarrass the Army and the government. However, the Army had its own reasons fornot wanting East to go there. A couple of Indonesian units in Macassar had revolted in April,under the leadership of Lieutenant Colonel Andi Selle Mattola, and Indonesia had accusedthe British of assisting the rebels with sanctuary, finance and arms, fearing also that it mightreignite the Darul Islam revolt that had only recently been quelled. 21However, East was still invited to the Armed <strong>Force</strong>s Day parade in Jakarta on 5 October, wherehe was seated in the VIP section. That night he attended a reception hosted by senior Armed<strong>Force</strong>s commanders, and spoke to the Russian and American military attachés. He also attendedthe Heroes Day ceremony on 10 <strong>Nov</strong>ember, where he was seated next to Major GeneralSuprapto, one of Jani’s deputies. In late <strong>Nov</strong>ember, the SESKOAD students were scheduledto observe a large-scale amphibious landing and airborne exercise, which was intended toconvince Britain and Malaysia that escalation was possible. Not surprisingly, East was sent ona tour of Sumatra instead. On his return, he felt a slight strain in the air and concluded that hewould just make the year out. 22The course ended on 15 <strong>Dec</strong>ember but the terms of his attachment called for East to remainfor another six weeks to tour other areas of Indonesia. When he arrived at Army Headquarters,he was informed that the tours had been cancelled for internal ‘political reasons’. 23 However, itwas more likely influenced by a range of other factors. They included Menzies’ announcementon 10 <strong>Nov</strong>ember of a large build-up of <strong>Australian</strong> military forces and the subsequent decisionnot to send a follow-on student to SESKOAD in 1965, nor issue an invitation for reciprocaltraining in Australia. 24 Also, on 14 <strong>Dec</strong>ember, Indonesian saboteurs had opened fire on the<strong>Australian</strong> minesweeper, HMAS Teal, in the Singapore Straits, resulting in three saboteursbeing killed, two wounded and another two captured.East’s social lifeThe early weeks of the course were intense for all the students as they tried to master thecopious course readings and prepare for syndicate discussions and their written assignmentsand tests. It was doubly so for East who was also mastering the language and a differentmilitary environment. Nevertheless, he was frequently invited to dinner by his classmates andstaff. And syndicate discussions, which they hosted in turn, were often accompanied by snacksand drinks, often alcoholic.Meals for all students were provided by a central kitchen. Initially, East was provided withtwo ‘western’ meals per week, however, he quickly convinced the caterers that he was happyto eat the same food as everyone else. He had a good stock of beer and spirits from theEmbassy canteen in Jakarta and some of the students who had trained in the Eastern Blochad regular supplies of Eastern European wine. He was provided with a man servant, Ukra,who maintained his house and car, did the washing, brought the meals from the kitchen and,according to East, reported on his comings and goings. He also acquired a dog at the end ofMay that he named Rommel. He became a loyal companion to both of them and was given toUkra when East returned home.50
East was an assiduous letter writer, penning more than 100 letters to his wife during the year,as well as writing regularly to his mother and other relatives and friends. 25 However, the postalservice was erratic and inefficient. He got his first telephone call from Shirley on 11 Februaryto complain that she had not received a letter for over a month. So it was arranged that alltheir mail would go via the Embassy to avoid the censors in Jakarta. International telephonecalls were also difficult and expensive and it was not until 24 February that he got his firstcall through to Shirley. These calls had to be booked days in advance and the operator dulyrewarded, but the service was nevertheless erratic and unreliable. On 7 July, he received amessage from the Embassy that his mother was ill but they had no further information and hewas unable to get through on the telephone. Four days later, he received news of her death.He soon got to know the commander of the US Military Training and Advisory Group inBandung, Major Tom Brummett, who was replaced in June by Major Fred Walters, who invitedhim to functions and film evenings and to stay on weekends. They became firm friends andEast was also able to use their weekly courier to get his mail and canteen supplies from Jakarta.In the second semester, his circle of friends expanded among the expatriate community andhe became a regular at their weekend functions and at the Bumi Sangkuriang Club, where heregularly swam and played tennis. He also joined the <strong>Australian</strong> military attachés and theirfamilies at the Embassy rest houses near Bogor for weekends on a couple of occasions.Singing is a great Indonesian pastime and East was regularly invited to give a rendition of‘Waltzing Matilda’ and occasionally other songs. Suwarto had musical interests and invitedEast to record a song with a band and provided him with a copy of the tape. He was alsoinvited to be a judge and present prizes at a couple of fashion parades, further expandinghis circle of Indonesian friends. In August, Sadeli accompanied him to Yogjakarta to see aperformance of the Ramayana, which was staged over three nights at full moon on about fiveoccasions a year. He was hosted by Major General Djatikusumo, the Minister for Tourism, whohad recently been ambassador to Malaya and aspired to replace Suadi in Australia. 26The graduation ceremony on 15 <strong>Dec</strong>ember was attended by several foreign military officers,including Colonel Ron Hughes, the <strong>Australian</strong> military attaché, who had replaced FreddieWhitelaw in June. Lieutenant General Jani gave East a good build up in his speech and Eastmade a presentation to the Commandant and received mementos in return. He then gavehis farewell speech, ‘which was well received’. He also organised his own farewell function,inviting Tini Tambunan, wife of his sponsor, and Nan Sadeli, wife of the chief instructor, to behis hostesses at a function in the Bumi Sangkuriang Club. East noted, however, that his partywas only ‘so so’, probably reflecting a degree of exhaustion after a hectic year and the recentgraduation and class functions. 27Overall, East was treated most hospitably. He was given the opportunity to observe many ofthe broader aspects of Indonesian national life, made a wide circle of friends in the Indonesianand expatriate community, and certainly made the most of the social and cultural opportunitiesavailable to him.51
- Page 1 and 2: Australian Defence ForceCONTENTSISS
- Page 3 and 4: Securing Space: Australia’s urgen
- Page 5 and 6: Australia’s space security policy
- Page 7 and 8: ChinaChina is the major space power
- Page 9 and 10: Domestic considerationsThe argument
- Page 11 and 12: An Australian space security policy
- Page 13 and 14: 18. Graeme Hooper as quoted in ‘L
- Page 15 and 16: BIBLIOGRAPHYBall, Desmond, ‘Asses
- Page 17 and 18: Pakistan-US bilateral relations: a
- Page 19 and 20: Bhutto, it was his unyielding stanc
- Page 21 and 22: Unfortunately, there is little the
- Page 23 and 24: negative than positive. The one pos
- Page 25 and 26: NOTES1. ‘Floods caused losses wor
- Page 27 and 28: The Difficulties in Predicting Futu
- Page 29 and 30: main attack into Western Europe thr
- Page 31 and 32: In order to more accurately predict
- Page 33 and 34: BIBLIOGRAPHYBoot, Max, War Made New
- Page 35 and 36: for the parachute capability to be
- Page 37 and 38: Redundancy of platforms is importan
- Page 39 and 40: The option of employing both C-17 a
- Page 41 and 42: parachute insertions, the psycholog
- Page 43 and 44: NOTES1. Air Chief Marshal Angus Hou
- Page 45 and 46: Colin East goes to SESKOAD - in ‘
- Page 47 and 48: He was the top graduate of the Aust
- Page 49: support, it is not surprising that
- Page 53 and 54: East brought 4RAR back to Australia
- Page 55 and 56: 23. East diary, 21 December 1964.24
- Page 57 and 58: • to promote partnerships among c
- Page 59 and 60: theatres. In its 2006 Quadrennial D
- Page 61 and 62: SOF by their nature are suited to m
- Page 63 and 64: The longer-term vision for NATO SOF
- Page 65 and 66: 25. NATO, ‘Allied Joint Doctrine
- Page 67 and 68: Peacekeepers: Athena’s championsC
- Page 69 and 70: Mobs as adversariesMobs do not fit
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- Page 73 and 74: policies and customs may serve as g
- Page 75 and 76: Higher on the continuum would come
- Page 77 and 78: Managing Global Supply ChainsWing C
- Page 79 and 80: Many OEMs of commercial equipment a
- Page 81 and 82: Similarly, the initial and ongoing
- Page 83 and 84: providers or host nation support. T
- Page 85 and 86: 22. UK Ministry of Defence, ‘The
- Page 87 and 88: Sustainable Defence Capability: Aus
- Page 89 and 90: The major strategic risk is resourc
- Page 91 and 92: This provides a national opportunit
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- Page 95 and 96: NOTES1. Commonwealth of Australia,
- Page 97 and 98: Book reviewsTales of War: great sto
- Page 99 and 100: Some of Kainikara’s proposals cou
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CounterinsurgencyDavid KilcullenCar
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and political level against an incr
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Religion, Conflict and Military Int
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Challinger’s explanations are sup
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destroyed in airborne operations in
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How Wars EndDan ReiterNew Jersey, U