Aging Aging

306 Grubeck-Loebenstein, Saurwein-Teissl, and Romani10. Romani, N., Lenz, A., Glassel, H., Stossel, H., Stanzl, U., Majdic, O., Fritsch, P.,and Schuler, G. (1989) Cultured human Langerhans cells resemble lymphoid dendriticcells in phenotype and function. J. Invest. Dermatol. 93, 600–609.11. O’Doherty, U., Steinman, R. M., Peng, M., Cameron, P. U., Gezelter, S., Kopeloff,I., Swiggard, W. J., Pope, M., and Bhardwaj, N. (1993) Dendritic cells freshly isolatedfrom human blood express CD4 and mature into typical immunostimulatorydendritic cells after culture in monocyte-conditioned medium. J. Exp. Med. 178,1067–1078.12. Pavli, P., Hume, D. A., Van de Pol E., and Doe, W. F. (1993) Dendritic cells, themajor antigen-presenting cells of the human colonic lamina propria. Immunology78, 132–141.13. Caux, C., Dezutter-Dambuyant, C., Schmitt, D., and Banchereau, J. (1992) GM-CSFand TNF-α cooperate in the generation of dendritic Langerhans cells. Nature 360,258–261.14. Romani, N., Reider, D., Heuer, M., Ebner, S., Kämpgen, E., Eibl, B., Niederwieser,D., and Schuler, G. (1996) Generation of mature dendritic cells from human blood:an improved method with special regard to clinical applicability. J. Immunol. Methods196, 137–151.15. Bender, A., Sapp, M., Schuler, G., Steinman, R. M., and Bhardwaj, N. (1996)Improved methods for the generation of dendritic cells from nonproliferating progenitorin human blood. J. Immunol. Methods 196, 121–135.16. Cella, M., Sallusto, F., and Lanzavecchia, A. (1997) Origin, maturation and antigenpresenting function of dendritic cells. Curr. Opin. Immunol. 9, 10–16.17. Robinson, S. P., Saraya, K., and Reid, C. D. (1998) Developmental aspects of dendriticcells in vitro and in vivo. Leuk. Lymphoma 29, 477–490.18. Romani, N., Bhardwaj, N., Pope, M., Koch, F., Swiggard, W. J., O’Doherty, U.,Witmer-Pack, M. D., Hoffman, L., Schuler, G., Inaba, K., and Steinman, R. M.(1997) Dendritic cells, in Weir’s Handbook of Experimental Immunology(Herzenberg, L. A., ed.), Blackwell Science Oxford, Sect. 156.1–156.14.19. Reddy, A., Sapp, M., Feldman, M., Subklewe, M., and Bhardwaj, N. (1997) Amonocyte conditioned medium is more effective than defined cytokines in mediatingthe terminal maturation of human dendritic cells. Blood 90, 3640–3646.20. Geissmann, F., Prost, C., Monnet, J. P., Dy, M., Brousse, N., and Hermine, O. (1998)Transforming growth factor β1, in the presence of granulocyte/macrophage colonystimulatingfactor and interleukin 4, induces differentiation of human peripheralblood monocytes into dendritic Langerhans cells. J. Exp. Med. 187, 961–966.21. Riedl, E., Strobl, H., Majdic, O., and Knapp, W. (1997) TGF-β1 promotes in vitrogeneration of dendritc cells by protecting progenitor cells from apoptosis. J. Immunol.158, 1591–1597.22. Lynch, D. H., Andreasen, A., Maraskovsky, E., Whitmore, J., Miller, R. E., andSchuh, J. C. L. (1997) Flt ligand induces tumor regression and antitumor immuneresponses in vivo. Nat. Med. 6, 625–631.23. Zhang, Y., Mukaida, N., Wang, J., Harada, A., Akiyama, M., and Matsushima, K.(1997) Induction of dendritic cell differentiation by granulocyte-macrophage colony-