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FIGURE 4 An advertisement for G&T Real Human Hair. Tan Confessions. Mar 1951. Microform. Jan. 2016. FIGURE 5 An advertisement by Laurel Company. Tan Confessions. Jan 1951. Microform. Jan. 2016. posses shared cultural ideals. 19 Had Tan Confessions sought to publish, say, medicinal ads that combat the body’s internal problems rather than external, it would have potentially succeeded in its goal of ensuring the wellbeing of Black people. Conclusion The first two issues of Tan Confessions published in November and December of 1950 contained no advertisements. As time progressed, however, ads for beauty products, household items, and expensive jewelry proliferated throughout the magazine. What were once quarter-page advertisements eventually evolved into full-page spreads, constituting almost one-third of the entire publication. Such a rise in advertisements in Tan Confessions reflected the larger society’s accepting attitude toward consumerism. While I have pointed out the multiple ways in which Tan Confessions failed in its goal of racial uplift among Black people, it is worthwhile to mention how racial uplift was practiced before the period of economic prosperity during the 50s. bell hooks recounts the shared values associated with Blacks in the south during this time: A child of the fifties in that part of the American south that was always seen as culturally backward, I was raised in a world where racial uplift was the norm. Like their nineteenth-century ancestors, our working-class parents believed that if we wanted freedom we had to be worthy of it, that we had to educate ourselves, work hard, be people of integrity. Racial uplift through self-help meant not just that we should confront racism, we should become fully cultured holistic individuals. 20 Unfortunately, the value placed on integrity and education was replaced with hedonistic consumption as Tan Confessions so clearly emphasized through its advertisements. Useful strategies to move away from the destructive culture of Black consumerism involve rejecting negative images, languages, and representation of Blacks in advertisements and mass media. Again, hooks describes the formation of this damaging culture of consumerism: When many black Americans measured their potential for freedom, success, and well-being against the standard set by white middle-class culture and the burgeoning culture of class privilege that prioritized consumerism and greed, they saw ethical and moral values as impediments. 21 When the compulsion to consume is suppressed, a re- 19 Kim B. Sheehan, Controversies in Contemporary Advertising (United Kingdom: Sage Publications, 2004), 95. 20 hooks, Rock My Soul: Black People and Self-Esteem, 11. 21 Ibid., 57 DEPAUL UNIVERSITY 13
emphasizing of self-awareness, communalism, and education that once permeated Black life can emerge, as all these components are critical in the contemporary journey toward racial uplift. FIGURE 6 An advertisement for Kyron. Tan Confessions. Mar 1951. Microform. Jan. 2016. 14 CREATING KNOWLEDGE
Page 1 and 2: D E PAUL UNIVERSITY Creating Knowle
Page 4 and 5: 2016 EDITOR Warren C. Schultz ART J
Page 6 and 7: 86 Amy Reece Outrages on the Women
Page 8 and 9: FOREWORD Dear Students, Colleagues,
Page 10 and 11: articles written by African-America
Page 12 and 13: FIGURE 1 An advertisement for Dr. F
Page 16 and 17: BIBLIOGRAPHY Byrd, Ayana, and Lori
Page 18 and 19: Renaissance. Hired as a replacement
Page 20 and 21: techniques, he was able to gain som
Page 22 and 23: high became popular amongst white a
Page 24 and 25: Calloway’s white audience thought
Page 26 and 27: Allison Nolden | Untitled DEPAUL UN
Page 28 and 29: in the way they were decorated. In
Page 30 and 31: FIGURE 3 FIGURE 4 stepped into Wes
Page 32 and 33: goods to connect them to a “simpl
Page 34 and 35: are homemade from fresh ingredients
Page 36 and 37: Francesca Martiono | San Gimignano
Page 38 and 39: him? I fed him, I changed his cloth
Page 40 and 41: 2: You-Did-It-To-ME Then the King w
Page 42 and 43: Mary desired faithfulness and Marth
Page 44 and 45: What did Jesus Christ thirst for on
Page 46 and 47: of support to counter the isolation
Page 48 and 49: cross-racial sisterhood that sugges
Page 50 and 51: Prince’s husband makes to buy her
Page 52 and 53: implications of life in bondage. As
Page 54 and 55: Angela Brown | Sharper Image DEPAUL
Page 56 and 57: Um dieser Zeit wurde der moralische
Page 58 and 59: der moralischen Weltordnung gewesen
Page 60 and 61: Willie Burton | Untitled DEPAUL UNI
Page 62 and 63: FIGURE 1 Issue 1 of Simbolul, with
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FIGURE 3 Cover of the first edition
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the fabric of society. Tzara moved
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Alicia Moran | Temporal Process DEP
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The Chicago Plan Commission played
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Old Chicago” criticized the grid
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They criticized the grid as being d
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a source of authenticity.” 38 Whe
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Yuting Wei | Sunset DEPAUL UNIVERSI
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Douglas Voigt (the Skidmore, Owings
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ates as part of Lakeside’s TIF ob
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esidents are resigned about Lakesid
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Legacy Capital Partners, LLC. 2012.
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as the symbols of men honour, if th
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The victims of hair cutting were of
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Lady Augusta Gregory, a prominent a
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Secondary Benton, Sarah. “Women D
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Angela Brown | Future outta Frame D
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would be defined by traditional gen
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leaves, and the hairdresser succumb
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unattractive Jewish man in a room f
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WORKS CITED Anderson, Melissa. “C
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Domestic Violence-Based Claims in R
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cases because of a lack in legal pr
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added that, “Canada, which has lo
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Hopefully, in the future, the U.S.
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are not colored or altered by human
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Dasein is thrust into the disclosed
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Victoria Trahey | To Be Alone DEPAU
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Locke’s Creation of Prerogative P
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immediate threat of foreign dominat
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allocation that Nazi leaders were a
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connectedness, evolution theories,
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TABLE 1 Frequency Distribution of Q
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logic was used, allowing participan
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assumptions imbedded within the Wyn
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Aunque todas las etnicidades mencio
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IMAGE 2 Dulce María Rodríguez en
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Angela Guest | Acting Out DEPAUL UN
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with a literal death, but more the
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caught up with. There has been litt
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proliferation of old, often rich, m
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Atwood, Margaret. “B
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different groups of people, as a co
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counterculture. The efforts of the
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offering flowers, symbols of peace.
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Witnee Warell | Desert Damsels DEPA
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