Soybean and Bees
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<strong>Soybean</strong> reproductive<br />
development<br />
<strong>Soybean</strong> growth types<br />
Following the period of vegetative growth, which varies depending upon cultivar, latitude<br />
<strong>and</strong> associated environmental conditions such as day length <strong>and</strong> temperature, <strong>and</strong> the cultural<br />
practices (Miksche, 1961), the soybean plant enters the reproductive stage, during<br />
which axillary buds develop into clusters of 2 to 35 flowers each. <strong>Soybean</strong>s flowers can be<br />
white or purple (Figure 10).<br />
Photos: Decio Luiz Gazzoni<br />
A<br />
B<br />
Figure 10. <strong>Soybean</strong> flowers have different colors. A) Purple flower; B) White flower.<br />
Alex<strong>and</strong>rova <strong>and</strong> Alex<strong>and</strong>rova (1935) <strong>and</strong> Bernard <strong>and</strong> Weiss (1973) first summarized literature<br />
pertaining to inheritance of color pigments in soybeans. Regardless of green parts of the<br />
plant, color pigments occur in flowers, pods, pubescence, seed coat <strong>and</strong> hilum. Flower colors<br />
SoybeAn <strong>and</strong> bees<br />
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