Human Development Report 2016

HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2016
Human Development for Everyone
Gender Inequality
Index
Maternal
mortality ratio
Adolescent
birth rate
Share of seats
in parliament
Population with at least some
secondary education
Labour force
participation rate
Value
Rank
(deaths per 100,000
live births)
(births per 1,000 women
ages 15–19)
(% held by women)
(% ages 25 and older) (% ages 15 and older)
Female Male Female Male
HDI rank 2015 2015 2015 2015 a 2015 2005–2015 b 2005–2015 b 2015 2015
181 Mozambique 0.574 139 489 139.7 39.6 2.8 c 8.0 c 82.5 75.4
181 South Sudan .. .. 789 65.9 24.3 .. .. 71.2 75.3
183 Guinea .. .. 679 140.6 21.9 .. .. 79.5 85.1
184 Burundi 0.474 108 712 28.3 37.8 7.1 c 9.6 c 84.6 82.7
185 Burkina Faso 0.615 146 371 108.5 9.4 6.0 11.5 76.6 90.7
186 Chad 0.695 157 856 133.5 14.9 1.7 9.9 64.0 79.3
187 Niger 0.695 157 553 202.4 13.3 3.6 c 8.4 c 40.2 89.4
188 Central African Republic 0.648 149 882 91.9 12.5 f 12.3 c 29.8 c 71.7 84.6
OTHER COUNTRIES OR TERRITORIES
Korea (Democratic People’s Rep. of) .. .. 82 0.5 16.3 .. .. 73.6 85.9
Marshall Islands .. .. .. .. 9.1 91.6 92.5 .. ..
Monaco .. .. .. .. 20.8 .. .. .. ..
Nauru .. .. .. .. 5.3 .. .. .. ..
San Marino .. .. .. .. 16.7 .. .. .. ..
Somalia .. .. 732 103.9 13.8 .. .. 33.2 75.9
Tuvalu .. .. .. .. 6.7 .. .. .. ..
Human development groups
Very high human development 0.174 — 14 17.0 25.8 88.4 89.3 52.6 68.6
High human development 0.291 — 36 27.4 21.6 66.9 74.0 56.5 77.1
Medium human development 0.491 — 164 40.8 19.9 40.4 57.6 37.2 79.4
Low human development 0.590 — 553 101.8 22.0 14.8 25.9 60.3 77.1
Developing countries 0.469 — 231 48.8 21.0 51.7 63.4 48.7 78.2
Regions
Arab States 0.535 — 142 47.7 15.5 41.6 52.3 22.3 75.1
East Asia and the Pacific 0.315 — 63 23.1 19.6 64.1 73.0 62.3 79.1
Europe and Central Asia 0.279 — 24 26.6 19.0 78.1 85.7 45.4 70.5
Latin America and the Caribbean 0.390 — 67 64.3 28.1 57.8 58.1 52.8 78.6
South Asia 0.520 — 175 33.7 17.4 36.9 58.6 28.3 79.4
Sub-Saharan Africa 0.572 — 551 103.0 23.3 25.3 33.9 64.9 76.1
Least developed countries 0.555 — 436 T 91.4 22.3 21.8 29.5 61.5 80.9
Small island developing states 0.463 — 204 59.0 23.4 55.2 58.2 53.4 72.7
Organisation for Economic
Co‐operation and Development 0.194 — 15 22.4 27.7 84.2 86.9 51.1 68.6
World 0.443 — 216 T 44.7 22.5 60.3 69.2 49.6 76.2
TABLE
5
NOTES
a Data are average of period estimates for
2010–2015 and projections for 2015–2020.
b Data refer to the most recent year available
during the period specified.
c Based on Barro and Lee (2016).
d In calculating the Gender Inequality Index, a value
of 0.1 percent was used.
e Refers to 2014.
f Refers to 2012.
g Excludes the 36 special rotating delegates
appointed on an ad hoc basis.
h Refers to 2013.
T From original data source.
DEFINITIONS
Gender Inequality Index: A composite measure
reflecting inequality in achievement between women
and men in three dimensions: reproductive health,
empowerment and the labour market. See Technical
note 4 at http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/
hdr2016_technical_notes.pdf for details on how the
Gender Inequality Index is calculated.
Maternal mortality ratio: Number of deaths due to
pregnancy-related causes per 100,000 live births.
Adolescent birth rate: Number of births to women
ages 15–19 per 1,000 women ages 15–19.
Share of seats in parliament: Proportion of seats
held by women in the national parliament expressed
as percentage of total seats. For countries with a
bicameral legislative system, the share of seats is
calculated based on both houses.
Population with at least some secondary
education: Percentage of the population ages 25
and older that has reached (but not necessarily
completed) a secondary level of education.
Labour force participation rate: Proportion of
the working-age population (ages 15 and older) that
engages in the labour market, either by working or
actively looking for work, expressed as a percentage
of the working-age population.
MAIN DATA SOURCES
Column 1: HDRO calculations based on data in
columns 3–9.
Column 2: Calculated based on data in column 1.
Column 3: UN Maternal Mortality Estimation Group
(2016).
Column 4: UNDESA (2015a).
Column 5: IPU (2016).
Columns 6 and 7: UNESCO Institute for Statistics
(2016).
Columns 8 and 9: ILO (2016a).
TABLE 5 Gender Inequality Index | 217