The Earliest Inhabitants: The Dynamics of the Jamaican Taino

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13.2 Petroglyphs from Coventry and Cuckold Point / 180 13.3 Petroglyphs from Gut River No. 1 / 180 13.4 Petroglyphs from Reynold Bent, Milk River and near God’s Well / 180 13.5 Petroglyphs at Canoe Valley / 181 13.6 Petroglyphs at Canoe Valley / 181 13.7 Pictographs at Spot Valley / 183 14.1 Anthropomorphic figure from Aboukir (detail) / 188 14.2 Anthropomorphic figure from Aboukir / 188 14.3 Bird figure from Aboukir (frontal view) / 189 14.4 Bird figure from Aboukir / 189 14.5 Carved wooden zemí of a bird standing on the back of a turtle or tortoise / 189 14.6 Small ladle/spoon with anthropomorphic handle, from Aboukir / 190 14.7 Small ladle/spoon with anthropomorphic handle, from Aboukir / 190 14.8 Carved wooden duho stool, Dominican Republic / 192 I LLUSTRATIONS xi
Tables 1.1 Midden Sites Reported by Robert Howard / 30 1.2 Cave Sites Reported by Robert Howard / 32 1.3 Cave Art Sites Reported by Robert Howard / 33 2.1 Shells Collected from Chancery Hall / 39 2.2 Neutron Activation Analysis of Pottery Samples / 42 2.3 Taíno Sites in the Kingston Area / 45 3.1 All Recovered Organic Materials / 60 3.2 Size Distribution of Charcoal Fragments / 60 3.3 Arthropod Remains / 61 3.4 All Bone / 63 3.5 Fish Bone / 64 3.6 Mammalian Bone / 65 5.1 Examples of Threats to Taíno Sites / 75 5.2 Recorded Number of Destroyed Taíno Sites in Jamaica by Parish / 76 6.1 Geologic Time and Corresponding Events in the Formation of the Island of Jamica / 90 6.2 Main Soil Types of Jamaica and Associated Landforms / 91 6.3 Total Number of Species / 94 6.4 Numbers of Endemic Species / 96 8.1 Significant Vertebrate and Crab Remains from the Rodney’s House Site / 117 8.2 Faunal Comparisons / 123 8.3 Rodney’s House Faunal List / 125 9.1 Lithology of Arawak Petaloid Celts from Jamaica / 135 9.2 Lithology of Petaloid Celts from Some Parishes of Jamaica / 142 13.1 New Petroglyph/Pictograph Sites, 1952–1985 / 179 13.2 Jamaican Petroglyph Sites by Parish / 185 xii
Page 2: The Earliest Inhabitants
Page 5 and 6: University of the West Indies Press
Page 8 and 9: Contents List of Illustrations / ix
Page 10 and 11: Illustrations A.1 Map of the sites
Page 14 and 15: Preface I HAVE ALWAYS been fascinat
Page 16 and 17: Acknowledgements I WOULD FIRST like
Page 18 and 19: Introduction IN JAMAICA, THE indige
Page 20 and 21: encounter the term Arawaks used to
Page 22 and 23: 90. Long Acre Point 91. Long Mounta
Page 24 and 25: ical publication in Jamaica. Geolog
Page 26 and 27: collections. Knowledge of the prove
Page 28: Section 1 Assessment and Excavation
Page 31 and 32: objective by using a frame of refer
Page 33 and 34: 16 T HE E ARLIEST I NHABITANTS two
Page 35 and 36: 18 T HE E ARLIEST I NHABITANTS fact
Page 37 and 38: 20 T HE E ARLIEST I NHABITANTS the
Page 39 and 40: 22 T HE E ARLIEST I NHABITANTS deco
Page 41 and 42: Howard (1965) recognized that Redwa
Page 43 and 44: people making Ostionan (Redware) po
Page 45 and 46: was the recovery of the Aboukir zem
Page 47 and 48: Appendix Table 1.1 Midden Sites Rep
Page 49 and 50: Table 1.2 Cave Sites Reported by Ro
Page 51 and 52: 2 The Taíno Settlement of the King
Page 53 and 54: Henderson Hill lies to the south, o
Page 55 and 56: ivalves. Single gastropod valves we
Page 57 and 58: 40 T HE E ARLIEST I NHABITANTS Taí
Page 59 and 60: Table 2.2 Neutron Activation Analys
Page 61 and 62: Plain may have played a role in the
Page 63 and 64:
Table 2.3. Taíno Sites in the King
Page 65 and 66:
contractors to drill and blast for
Page 67 and 68:
chipped away. It is believed that t
Page 69 and 70:
Figure 3.4 JNHT excavations at Chan
Page 71 and 72:
Test Pit 6 Depth 40 cm. This is a s
Page 73 and 74:
19.375 19.275 1 CHANCERY HALL, JAMA
Page 75 and 76:
Appendix A Laboratory Study of the
Page 77 and 78:
Table 3.1 All Recovered Organic Mat
Page 79 and 80:
of slim, more or less parallel shap
Page 81 and 82:
Table 3.5 Fish Bone Anatomical Part
Page 83 and 84:
66 T HE E ARLIEST I NHABITANTS Surv
Page 85 and 86:
Acknowledgements Thanks are due to
Page 87 and 88:
SOUTH NEGRIL POINT Savannala-Mar Mo
Page 89 and 90:
sudden event. Occupation 3 can be c
Page 91 and 92:
dle, a ground stone artefact that m
Page 93 and 94:
- infrastructural development throu
Page 95 and 96:
emoval. Sometimes what is required
Page 97 and 98:
Figure 5.1 Road cutting through the
Page 99 and 100:
Later on the Spanish settled in the
Page 101 and 102:
Figure 5.4 Long Mountain prior to d
Page 103 and 104:
86 T HE E ARLIEST I NHABITANTS amon
Page 106 and 107:
6 Notes on the Natural History of J
Page 108 and 109:
Soils Several different soil types
Page 110 and 111:
Shoreline On the north coast, there
Page 112 and 113:
well established, especially in dis
Page 114 and 115:
7 The Exploitation and Transformati
Page 116 and 117:
Art Art can be religious, functiona
Page 118 and 119:
of Long Mountain”, Andreas Oberli
Page 120 and 121:
Figure 7.3 William Keegan explainin
Page 122 and 123:
cedar (Cedrela odorata), santa mari
Page 124 and 125:
According to Rouse, the density of
Page 126 and 127:
17), grows abundantly on the island
Page 128 and 129:
Incidental Dispersal The plant comp
Page 130 and 131:
8 Early Arawak Subsistence Strategi
Page 132 and 133:
and bagged by level. In April of 19
Page 134 and 135:
Table 8.1 Significant Vertebrate an
Page 136 and 137:
tory and habitat preferences. Follo
Page 138 and 139:
Changing Subsistence Strategies The
Page 140 and 141:
Table 8.2 Faunal Comparisons: Per c
Page 142 and 143:
Appendix Table 8.3 Rodney’s House
Page 144 and 145:
Table 8.3 Rodney’s House Faunal L
Page 146 and 147:
Section 3 Analysis of Taíno Archae
Page 148 and 149:
9 Petrography and Source of Some Ar
Page 150 and 151:
The results discussed here were obt
Page 152 and 153:
Petaloid Axes of Arawak Origin from
Page 154 and 155:
Blue Schist The story of Jamaican b
Page 156 and 157:
Coleraine) but also from other majo
Page 158 and 159:
from which several Jamaican artefac
Page 160 and 161:
in a lack of suitable rocks, so tha
Page 162 and 163:
A surprising conclusion of the pres
Page 164 and 165:
Figure 10.1 Redware, White Marl and
Page 166 and 167:
triangular ridges. It is thought th
Page 168 and 169:
(also see Figure 10.6), loop handle
Page 170 and 171:
11 Jamaican Redware J AMES W. LEE A
Page 172 and 173:
only if planted at exactly the corr
Page 174 and 175:
Handles Handles may be classified i
Page 176 and 177:
Two more or less spheroidal pottery
Page 178 and 179:
12 Taíno Ceramics from Post-Contac
Page 180 and 181:
and distribution of native labour w
Page 182 and 183:
Figure 12.2 Distribution of New Sev
Page 184 and 185:
hatching (Figure 12.5c), and closel
Page 186 and 187:
were fired at a low temperature, th
Page 188 and 189:
Figure 12.11 New Seville ware: jug
Page 190 and 191:
ters of the caciques. These politic
Page 192 and 193:
Section 4 Taíno Art Forms ART IS A
Page 194 and 195:
13 The Petroglyphs of Jamaica J AME
Page 196 and 197:
previously described petroglyphs ex
Page 198 and 199:
glyphs in that belt, as the geologi
Page 200 and 201:
Another carving that is unique is t
Page 202 and 203:
Appendix Table 13.2 Jamaican Petrog
Page 204 and 205:
14 Zemís, Trees and Symbolic Lands
Page 206 and 207:
According to Arrom and Rouse (1992)
Page 208 and 209:
The Context of Sacredness Taíno wo
Page 210 and 211:
Kept in niches or on tables within
Page 212 and 213:
Another important correspondence be
Page 214 and 215:
eliefs in the spiritual and life-gi
Page 216 and 217:
References Aarons, G.A. 1983a. Arch
Page 218 and 219:
Smithsonian Biological Survey of Do
Page 220 and 221:
———. 1988. Ulysses’ Sail: A
Page 222 and 223:
———. 1983b. Adornos, Jamaica
Page 224 and 225:
Porro, A. 1994. Social organization
Page 226 and 227:
Scudder, S. 1992. Early Arawak subs
Page 228 and 229:
Wing, E.S., and A.B. Brown. 1979. P
Page 230 and 231:
Rouse, I. 1982. Ceramic and religio
Page 232:
M. John Roobol, is a consultant geo
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The Earliest Inhabitants: The Dynamics of the Jamaican Taino

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