The Earliest Inhabitants: The Dynamics of the Jamaican Taino

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Table 1.3 Cave Art Sites Reported by Robert Howard and Reference to Their Original Description Site Parish Reference Canoe Valley Manchester C.B. Lewis, Howard 1950 Canoe Valley Manchester C.B. Lewis, Howard 1950 Canoe Valley Manchester C.B. Lewis, Howard 1950 Kempshot St James Duerden 1897 Pantrepant Trelawny Duerden 1897 Salisbury St Ann C.S. Cotter, Howard 1950 Walkerswood St Ann C.S. Cotter, Howard 1950 Dryland St Mary Duerden 1897 Mountain River Cave St Catherine Duerden 1897 Source: Howard 1950. Notes 1. There are similar problems with access to archaeological research conducted on other islands, including Cuba and the Dominican Republic, where the results are published locally and are not widely disseminated, especially to the English-speaking world. 2. Vanderwal (1968a) called it the “Fairfield style” and reported that it was found only on the north coast in western Jamaica. Montego Bay–style pottery recently was discovered on the south coast at the Sweetwater site, Paradise Park, Westmoreland, just east of the town of Savanna-la-Mar. T HE D EVELOPMENT OF J AMAICAN P REHISTORY 33
2 The Taíno Settlement of the Kingston Area P HILIP A LLSWORTH-JONES G ERALD G EORGE L ALOR L ECHLER S IMON F. M ITCHELL E STHER and M ITKO Z. RODRIQUES V UTCHKOV Introduction THE PRESENCE OF Taíno sites in the Kingston area has been recorded from the last years of the nineteenth century onwards, and important excavations have been conducted at some of them, particularly by amateurs in the 1970s. Dr James Lee included them in his general mapping project of the island, the results of which were mentioned in the newsletter, which he edited from 1965 to 1986. As a result of the development and spread of Kingston in recent times, some new sites have been discovered, but they and some of the old ones have also been wholly or partially destroyed. The number of people who are aware of the exact location of some of these sites is limited, and it seemed desirable to record this information before it was lost. A survey of all known sites was therefore carried out in order to ascertain their current status and assess possible opportunities for future work. The results can be seen in the accompanying map (see Figure 2.1) and annotated list (see Table 2.3). In addition, two pilot studies were undertaken to explore the possibilities of scientific analysis of some of these materials. First, following a Originally published in 1999, in Proceedings of the Eighteenth International Congress for Caribbean Archaeology, Grenada, 1999: 115–27. 34
Page 2: The Earliest Inhabitants
Page 5 and 6: University of the West Indies Press
Page 8 and 9: Contents List of Illustrations / ix
Page 10 and 11: Illustrations A.1 Map of the sites
Page 12 and 13: 13.2 Petroglyphs from Coventry and
Page 14 and 15: Preface I HAVE ALWAYS been fascinat
Page 16 and 17: Acknowledgements I WOULD FIRST like
Page 18 and 19: Introduction IN JAMAICA, THE indige
Page 20 and 21: encounter the term Arawaks used to
Page 22 and 23: 90. Long Acre Point 91. Long Mounta
Page 24 and 25: ical publication in Jamaica. Geolog
Page 26 and 27: collections. Knowledge of the prove
Page 28: Section 1 Assessment and Excavation
Page 31 and 32: objective by using a frame of refer
Page 33 and 34: 16 T HE E ARLIEST I NHABITANTS two
Page 35 and 36: 18 T HE E ARLIEST I NHABITANTS fact
Page 37 and 38: 20 T HE E ARLIEST I NHABITANTS the
Page 39 and 40: 22 T HE E ARLIEST I NHABITANTS deco
Page 41 and 42: Howard (1965) recognized that Redwa
Page 43 and 44: people making Ostionan (Redware) po
Page 45 and 46: was the recovery of the Aboukir zem
Page 47 and 48: Appendix Table 1.1 Midden Sites Rep
Page 49: Table 1.2 Cave Sites Reported by Ro
Page 53 and 54: Henderson Hill lies to the south, o
Page 55 and 56: ivalves. Single gastropod valves we
Page 57 and 58: 40 T HE E ARLIEST I NHABITANTS Taí
Page 59 and 60: Table 2.2 Neutron Activation Analys
Page 61 and 62: Plain may have played a role in the
Page 63 and 64: Table 2.3. Taíno Sites in the King
Page 65 and 66: contractors to drill and blast for
Page 67 and 68: chipped away. It is believed that t
Page 69 and 70: Figure 3.4 JNHT excavations at Chan
Page 71 and 72: Test Pit 6 Depth 40 cm. This is a s
Page 73 and 74: 19.375 19.275 1 CHANCERY HALL, JAMA
Page 75 and 76: Appendix A Laboratory Study of the
Page 77 and 78: Table 3.1 All Recovered Organic Mat
Page 79 and 80: of slim, more or less parallel shap
Page 81 and 82: Table 3.5 Fish Bone Anatomical Part
Page 83 and 84: 66 T HE E ARLIEST I NHABITANTS Surv
Page 85 and 86: Acknowledgements Thanks are due to
Page 87 and 88: SOUTH NEGRIL POINT Savannala-Mar Mo
Page 89 and 90: sudden event. Occupation 3 can be c
Page 91 and 92: dle, a ground stone artefact that m
Page 93 and 94: - infrastructural development throu
Page 95 and 96: emoval. Sometimes what is required
Page 97 and 98: Figure 5.1 Road cutting through the
Page 99 and 100: Later on the Spanish settled in the
Page 101 and 102:
Figure 5.4 Long Mountain prior to d
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86 T HE E ARLIEST I NHABITANTS amon
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6 Notes on the Natural History of J
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Soils Several different soil types
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Shoreline On the north coast, there
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well established, especially in dis
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7 The Exploitation and Transformati
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Art Art can be religious, functiona
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of Long Mountain”, Andreas Oberli
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Figure 7.3 William Keegan explainin
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cedar (Cedrela odorata), santa mari
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According to Rouse, the density of
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17), grows abundantly on the island
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Incidental Dispersal The plant comp
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8 Early Arawak Subsistence Strategi
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and bagged by level. In April of 19
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Table 8.1 Significant Vertebrate an
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tory and habitat preferences. Follo
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Changing Subsistence Strategies The
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Table 8.2 Faunal Comparisons: Per c
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Appendix Table 8.3 Rodney’s House
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Table 8.3 Rodney’s House Faunal L
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Section 3 Analysis of Taíno Archae
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9 Petrography and Source of Some Ar
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The results discussed here were obt
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Petaloid Axes of Arawak Origin from
Page 154 and 155:
Blue Schist The story of Jamaican b
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Coleraine) but also from other majo
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from which several Jamaican artefac
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in a lack of suitable rocks, so tha
Page 162 and 163:
A surprising conclusion of the pres
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Figure 10.1 Redware, White Marl and
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triangular ridges. It is thought th
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(also see Figure 10.6), loop handle
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11 Jamaican Redware J AMES W. LEE A
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only if planted at exactly the corr
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Handles Handles may be classified i
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Two more or less spheroidal pottery
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12 Taíno Ceramics from Post-Contac
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and distribution of native labour w
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Figure 12.2 Distribution of New Sev
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hatching (Figure 12.5c), and closel
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were fired at a low temperature, th
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Figure 12.11 New Seville ware: jug
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ters of the caciques. These politic
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Section 4 Taíno Art Forms ART IS A
Page 194 and 195:
13 The Petroglyphs of Jamaica J AME
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previously described petroglyphs ex
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glyphs in that belt, as the geologi
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Another carving that is unique is t
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Appendix Table 13.2 Jamaican Petrog
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14 Zemís, Trees and Symbolic Lands
Page 206 and 207:
According to Arrom and Rouse (1992)
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The Context of Sacredness Taíno wo
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Kept in niches or on tables within
Page 212 and 213:
Another important correspondence be
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eliefs in the spiritual and life-gi
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References Aarons, G.A. 1983a. Arch
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Smithsonian Biological Survey of Do
Page 220 and 221:
———. 1988. Ulysses’ Sail: A
Page 222 and 223:
———. 1983b. Adornos, Jamaica
Page 224 and 225:
Porro, A. 1994. Social organization
Page 226 and 227:
Scudder, S. 1992. Early Arawak subs
Page 228 and 229:
Wing, E.S., and A.B. Brown. 1979. P
Page 230 and 231:
Rouse, I. 1982. Ceramic and religio
Page 232:
M. John Roobol, is a consultant geo
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