The Earliest Inhabitants: The Dynamics of the Jamaican Taino

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Wing, E.S., and A.B. Brown. 1979. Paleonutrition. New York: Academic Press. Wing, E.S., and C.W. Medhurst. 1977. The Bellevue site (K-13). Archaeology Jamaica 77, no. 1: 2–9. Wood, P.A. 1976. The evolution of drainage in the Kingston area. Journal of the Geological Society of Jamaica 15: 1–6. Woodward, R. 1988. The Charles Cotter collection: A study of the ceramic and faunal remains from Sevilla la Nueva. MA thesis, Texas A & M University. Wright, I. 1921. The early history of Jamaica 1511–1536. English Historical Review 36: 70–95. Yeager, T.J. 1989. Encomienda or slavery? The Spanish Crown’s choice of labour organization in sixteenth-century Spanish America. Journal of Economic History 50: 842–59. Supplemental Biliography Aarons, G.A. 1988. The Mountain River cave. Jamaica Journal 21, no. 3: 21. Alegría, R.E. 1985. Christopher Columbus and the treasure of the Taino Indians of Hispaniola. Jamaica Journal 18, no. 1: 2–11. Armstrong, D. 1990. The Old Village and the Great House. Chicago: University of Illinois Press and University of Chicago Press. Atkinson, L. 1998. The Tainos: The aborigines of Jamaica – A research text. Unpublished manuscript. ———. 2003. The distribution of the Taino cave art sites in Jamaica. Proceedings of the Nineteenth International Congress for Caribbean Archaeology, Aruba, 2001: 300–312. Auld, M. 2000. Tainos of Jamaica: The myth of extinction. United Confederation of Taino People Newsletter, 4 April. www.indigenouspeople.org/natlit/uctp/UCTP_ Newsletter_ April_04.html Bercht, F., E. Brodsky, J. A. Farmer and D. Taylor, eds. 1997. Taíno: Pre-Columbian Art and Culture from the Caribbean. New York: The Monacelli Press, 1997. Black, C.V. 1957. Historical notes on the food plants of Jamaica. The Farmers’ Food Manual: A Recipe Book for the West Indies. Kingston: Jamaica Agricultural Society and Glasgow: Robert Maclehoses: 335–40. Braunholtz, H.J. 1970. Sir Hans Sloane and Ethnography. London: Shenval Press. Browne, P. 1756. The Civil and Natural History of Jamaica. London: Institute of Jamaica. Campbell, S. 1974. Bush teas a cure all: Corollary to folklore and food habits. Jamaica Journal 8, no. 2 and 3: 60–65. Carnegie, J. 1979. The Institute of Jamaica: A century of culture. Americas 31: 11–12. Cotter, C.S. 1954. A comment on the Windsor site, Jamaica. American Antiquity 20: 2. Cundall, F. 1934. The Aborigines of Jamaica. Kingston: Institute of Jamaica. Dadea, R. 1981. Porcacchi Map text translation. Archaeology Jamaica 81, no. 4. Dams, L. 1980. Prehistoric Art. Vol. 4, Lexicon Universal Encyclopaedia.New York: Lexicon Publications, 1980. Dehring, P., and J.K. Southerland. The Bellevue Estate archaeological field season May–June 1991. Archaeology Jamaica, n.s., 4: 27–30. R EFERENCES 211
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The Earliest Inhabitants
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University of the West Indies Press
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Contents List of Illustrations / ix
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Illustrations A.1 Map of the sites
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13.2 Petroglyphs from Coventry and
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Preface I HAVE ALWAYS been fascinat
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Acknowledgements I WOULD FIRST like
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Introduction IN JAMAICA, THE indige
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encounter the term Arawaks used to
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90. Long Acre Point 91. Long Mounta
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ical publication in Jamaica. Geolog
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collections. Knowledge of the prove
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Section 1 Assessment and Excavation
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objective by using a frame of refer
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16 T HE E ARLIEST I NHABITANTS two
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18 T HE E ARLIEST I NHABITANTS fact
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20 T HE E ARLIEST I NHABITANTS the
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22 T HE E ARLIEST I NHABITANTS deco
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Howard (1965) recognized that Redwa
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people making Ostionan (Redware) po
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was the recovery of the Aboukir zem
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Appendix Table 1.1 Midden Sites Rep
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Table 1.2 Cave Sites Reported by Ro
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2 The Taíno Settlement of the King
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Henderson Hill lies to the south, o
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ivalves. Single gastropod valves we
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40 T HE E ARLIEST I NHABITANTS Taí
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Table 2.2 Neutron Activation Analys
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Plain may have played a role in the
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Table 2.3. Taíno Sites in the King
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contractors to drill and blast for
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chipped away. It is believed that t
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Figure 3.4 JNHT excavations at Chan
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Test Pit 6 Depth 40 cm. This is a s
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19.375 19.275 1 CHANCERY HALL, JAMA
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Appendix A Laboratory Study of the
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Table 3.1 All Recovered Organic Mat
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of slim, more or less parallel shap
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Table 3.5 Fish Bone Anatomical Part
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66 T HE E ARLIEST I NHABITANTS Surv
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Acknowledgements Thanks are due to
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SOUTH NEGRIL POINT Savannala-Mar Mo
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sudden event. Occupation 3 can be c
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dle, a ground stone artefact that m
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- infrastructural development throu
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emoval. Sometimes what is required
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Figure 5.1 Road cutting through the
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Later on the Spanish settled in the
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Figure 5.4 Long Mountain prior to d
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86 T HE E ARLIEST I NHABITANTS amon
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6 Notes on the Natural History of J
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Soils Several different soil types
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Shoreline On the north coast, there
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well established, especially in dis
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7 The Exploitation and Transformati
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Art Art can be religious, functiona
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of Long Mountain”, Andreas Oberli
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Figure 7.3 William Keegan explainin
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cedar (Cedrela odorata), santa mari
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According to Rouse, the density of
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17), grows abundantly on the island
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Incidental Dispersal The plant comp
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8 Early Arawak Subsistence Strategi
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and bagged by level. In April of 19
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Table 8.1 Significant Vertebrate an
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tory and habitat preferences. Follo
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Changing Subsistence Strategies The
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Table 8.2 Faunal Comparisons: Per c
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Appendix Table 8.3 Rodney’s House
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Table 8.3 Rodney’s House Faunal L
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Section 3 Analysis of Taíno Archae
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9 Petrography and Source of Some Ar
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The results discussed here were obt
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Petaloid Axes of Arawak Origin from
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Blue Schist The story of Jamaican b
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Coleraine) but also from other majo
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from which several Jamaican artefac
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in a lack of suitable rocks, so tha
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A surprising conclusion of the pres
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Figure 10.1 Redware, White Marl and
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triangular ridges. It is thought th
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(also see Figure 10.6), loop handle
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11 Jamaican Redware J AMES W. LEE A
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only if planted at exactly the corr
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Handles Handles may be classified i
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Two more or less spheroidal pottery
Page 178 and 179: 12 Taíno Ceramics from Post-Contac
Page 180 and 181: and distribution of native labour w
Page 182 and 183: Figure 12.2 Distribution of New Sev
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Page 186 and 187: were fired at a low temperature, th
Page 188 and 189: Figure 12.11 New Seville ware: jug
Page 190 and 191: ters of the caciques. These politic
Page 192 and 193: Section 4 Taíno Art Forms ART IS A
Page 194 and 195: 13 The Petroglyphs of Jamaica J AME
Page 196 and 197: previously described petroglyphs ex
Page 198 and 199: glyphs in that belt, as the geologi
Page 200 and 201: Another carving that is unique is t
Page 202 and 203: Appendix Table 13.2 Jamaican Petrog
Page 204 and 205: 14 Zemís, Trees and Symbolic Lands
Page 206 and 207: According to Arrom and Rouse (1992)
Page 208 and 209: The Context of Sacredness Taíno wo
Page 210 and 211: Kept in niches or on tables within
Page 212 and 213: Another important correspondence be
Page 214 and 215: eliefs in the spiritual and life-gi
Page 216 and 217: References Aarons, G.A. 1983a. Arch
Page 218 and 219: Smithsonian Biological Survey of Do
Page 220 and 221: ———. 1988. Ulysses’ Sail: A
Page 222 and 223: ———. 1983b. Adornos, Jamaica
Page 224 and 225: Porro, A. 1994. Social organization
Page 226 and 227: Scudder, S. 1992. Early Arawak subs
Page 230 and 231: Rouse, I. 1982. Ceramic and religio
Page 232: M. John Roobol, is a consultant geo
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