LUCRĂRI ŞTIINŢIFICE Vol. 54 NR. 2 SERIA HORTICULTURĂ

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Aluminum vessels used for the preparation of food (especially in case of acid foods) may bring the highest daily intake of aluminum, except the drinking water. The plastic contaminants maybe polymerization residues, catalysts (metal salts, organic peroxides), solvents, emulsifiers, inhibitors, products from decomposition and secondary reactions, antioxidants, antistatic agents, heat and light stabilizers, lubricants, pigments and fungicides. The use of cleaning materials for the equipment, production spaces, the packing from the industry for the processing of fruits and vegetables may have toxic or allergen effects on the consumer. These may penetrate the products following the incorrect handling, the insufficient washing after disinfecting the equipment and vessels (Dumitru V., 2008). CONCLUSIONS 1. During the processes of food processing, must be taken into account the innocuity of raw material, auxiliary materials, water and food additives used and also the risks of microbiological contamination or any other type of contamination. 2. Horticultural products are relatively frequently contaminated with various agents that may endanger, the health of certain categories of consumers. 3. Different phases of the process flow for obtaining canned vegetables and fruits may influence not only for increasing but also for decreasing the content of contaminants in the finished product. REFERENCES 1. Banu C. et al., 1982 - Produsele alimentare şi inocuitatea lor. Editura Tehnică, Bucureşti; 2. Beceanu D., 2009 - Tehnologia prelucrării legumelor şi fructelor. Editura ”Ion Ionescu de la Brad”, Iaşi ; 3. Derache R. et al., 1986 - Toxicologie et sécurité des aliments. Editura Technique et Documentation - Lavoisier, Paris; 4. Deshpande S.S., 2002 - Handbook of Food Toxicology. Marcel Dekker Inc.; 5. Diaconescu I., Ardelean D., Diaconescu M., 2007 - Merciologie alimentară – Calitate şi siguranţă. Editura Universitară, Bucureşti; 6. Dumitru Vasilica, 2008 - Siguranţa alimentară la producerea şi procesarea tomatelor. Teză de doctorat, Bucureşti; 7. Savu C., Georgescu N., 2004 - Siguranţa alimentară - Riscuri şi beneficii. Editura Semne, Bucureşti; 8. Tomas-Barberan F.A., Robins R.J., 1997 - Phytochemistry of Fruit and Vegetables. Carendon Press, Oxford; 9. ***, 1998 - Ordinul Ministerului Sănătăţii nr. 975 din 16 decembrie 1998 privind aprobarea Normelor Igienico-sanitare pentru alimente, Bucureşti. 370
GENERAL ISSUES CONCERNING CONTENT OF ASCORBIC ACID IN PROCESSED HORTICULTURAL PRODUCTS ASPECTE GENERALE PRIVIND CONȚINUTUL ÎN ACID ASCORBIC LA PRODUSELE HORTICOLE PRELUCRATE BARCAN (BĂETU) Alina-Loredana 1 , BĂETU M. 1 e-mail: alina_brcn@yahoo.fr Abstract. Product processing causes loss of C vitamin, depending on the methods used. Prolonged washing, air and lighting exposure, fragmentation, boiling, drying, freezing of the products lead to a significant decrease in C vitamin content. The lactic fermentation stores the C vitamin in the product, but 50% goes into the liquid coating. The losses can be lowered by scalding steam, shortened hightemperature sterilization, vacuum closure or by using different preservatives. The usage as a food additive (ascorbic acid - E300) is due to its antioxidant properties. It exhibits as acicular colorless crystals, foils or white crystalline powder. It is used in beverages, canned food, oils and non-emulsified fats, as stabilizing agent etc. Ascorbic acid has many derivatives are also used as antioxidants: sodium ascorbate, ascorbyl palmitate, iso-ascorbic acid and iso-ascorbats. Key words: processing, loss, use Rezumat. Prelucrarea produselor determină pierderi de vitamină C, în funcție de metodele utilizate. Spălarea îndelungată, expunerea la aer și lumină, fragmentarea, fierberea, deshidratarea, congelarea duc la diminuarea semnificativă a conținutului în vitamină C. Fermentația lactică păstrează vitamina C, dar în proporție de 50 % trece în lichidul de acoperire. Pierderile pot fi micșorate prin opărire cu abur, termosterilizare la temperaturi înalte pe durată redusă, închiderea sub vid, folosirea diferiților conservanți. Utilizarea ca aditiv alimentar (acidul ascorbic – E300) se datorează proprietăților sale antioxidative. Se utilizează în băuturi, conserve, uleiuri, grăsimi neemulsionate, ca agent de stabilizare etc. Prezintă mai mulți derivați utilizați tot ca antioxidanți: ascorbatul de sodiu, ascorbil palmitatul, acidul izoascorbic și izoascorbații. Cuvinte cheie: prelucrare, pierderi, utilizare MATERIAL AND METHOD Besides the study of specialized literature represented by scientific work, treatises, and books, I consulted various websites of foreign non-governmental agencies dealing with research in the public nutrition field. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Food preservation represents the way in which human beings intervene to maintain unchanged the organoleptic properties and nutritive value of food as long as possible. 1 University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Iaşi, România 371
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ISSN-L=1454-7376 (Print)-ISSN 1454-
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13. CIORNEA 1 Elena, TUTU Elena, CO
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38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46.
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64. FILIMON V.R., NICULAUA M., MIHA
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91. NEGREA Roxana, ZLATI Cristina -
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12. BEJAN 1 Carmen, VIŞOIU Emilia
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38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46.
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64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72.
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compoziţii vegetale pentru amenaj
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INTRODUCTION Due to the increased f
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Salicylates provided an increased y
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total mass. However, it is required
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with mineral fertilizer consumption
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2. In the second experiment the spr
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CONCLUSIONS 1. The extraction of sp
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INTRODUCTION Lately, one may notice
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ions leads to a retention rate grow
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CONCLUSIONS 1. The stability of tre
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fundamental process in coupled dyna
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x� 1 � x 2 x� 2 � x� 3
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Fig. 7 - (2y1(t) -, x1(t) -, for p=
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showed that the existence of fracta
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Fig. 3 - The fractal dimension for
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From figure 6 we can see that the e
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INTRODUCTION Nichel as ultramicroel
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Table 2 POD activity (conventional
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REFERENCES 1. Brown P.H., Welch R.M
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Actually, SSR markers are considere
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Table 1 (continuation) Inherintance
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Drofa Rf genotype was positioned in
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Center for Biotechnology Informatio
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Fig. 2 - RRM_1- RNA recognition mot
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4. Mackenzie S.A., McIntosh L., 199
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MATERIAL AND METHOD Six fertility r
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Fig. 1 - Densitometry analysis of O
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CONCLUSIONS 1. Screening of three O
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The first flow cytometers quantifie
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Our data confirm the previous resul
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7. Dydak M., Kolano B., Nowak T., S
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prezenţa şi tipul aberaţiilor cr
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The value of the mitotic index was
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CONCLUSIONS 1. The value of the mit
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INTRODUCTION Like the other plants,
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Fig. 3 - Histogram representing the
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Among the tested control plants, th
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their control techniques. The main
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figure 2, and, in their analysis it
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CONCLUSIONS The analysis of experim
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metabolism can be easily detected b
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PAL activity (∆E/mg prot.) PAL ac
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Academiei de Ştiinţe a Moldovei.
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efectuate investigaţii biochimice
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UI compared to 31,53 UI, the value
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3. The evolution of superoxide dism
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the pyridazine derivatives in growt
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Pyridazine derivatives tested did n
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8. Drochioiu G., Maftei M., Mangala
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according to the classification to
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formazan/g, a mixture of micronutri
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4. At 7 days after inoculation of t
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the root types of vascular bundles
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cells disposed more compacted at su
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CONCLUSIONS 1. The general structur
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INTRODUCTION Never in the history o
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Attracting social partners in the e
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CONCLUSIONS 1. Evaluator and tutors
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firms seek resources and new ways t
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companies in the wine sector. Indic
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From the analysis of figure 1 can b
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warning about the practice of copyi
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success to an extent far greater th
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CONCLUSIONS 1. At regional level th
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team that he leads, establishing re
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Nr. crt. NAME OF CROPS Areas cultiv
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management skills necessary to admi
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personalities. The education by mea
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The final part of the activities wa
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CONCLUSIONS The activities carried
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din punct de vedere al creşterii v
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percentage of + 58 %. The productio
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The second component reflects the l
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It should be noted that the net inc
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CONCLUSIONS 1. Studies have shown t
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variety were given mineral fertiliz
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40.7 g compared to the control. In
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In super intensive orchards of spec
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3 years of fruiting, 72.9 t/ha. The
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Replacing the old varieties, that h
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Golden Reinders varieties on the br
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varieties introduced in the country
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and H. Gilbert (1843), at the Rotha
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Nr. crt. Table 1 Distances and dens
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CONCLUSIONS 1. Technological factor
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Knowledge of the main agrobiologica
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The following graph, the diameter g
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CONCLUSIONS 1. The analysis main mo
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Vegetable production is marked by a
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vegetable sprouts. Optimum growing
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Ecological and physiological charac
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MATERIAL AND METHOD The carrying ou
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Question: “Would you buy ecologic
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Thus, 12.9% out of the persons inte
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MATERIAL AND METHOD The biological
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No crt. 1 Results regarding the fre
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CONCLUSIONS 1. The meteorological-p
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MATERIAL AND METHOD The research wa
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In the stationary microfarm Maxim o
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Tomato Granadero F1 row Tomato Gran
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MATERIAL AND METHOD The breeding wo
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No. Followed character The main cha
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L9 L10 Mt Fig. 1 - The selection of
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INTRODUCTION Increasing demand for
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REFERENCES 1. Gozob T., Micu Chiria
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of reduced energy consumption, have
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The results obtained for apples pro
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Pruning influence on apple producti
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mahaleb succeeds in the NE of Roman
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in the maturation stadium, have cra
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its acidity covers an intermediary
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eacts with the basic solution, the
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and mildew vulnerability, obtained
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Analyzing data on the amount of bio
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INTRODUCTION Numerous scientists ar
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- Arthemisia annua, cultivated in c
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much more decorative, framing very
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potential, were realised both on na
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flowers grouped in umbelliform infl
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3. Function of ornamental features
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and have species with different eco
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It is cultivated as ornamental gras
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„Silberfeder Miscanthus sinensis
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INTRODUCTION Located in the SE of R
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3. Sedum urvillei DC. (sin. Sedum s
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CONCLUSIONS 1. The spontaneous flor
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1. - the bush shape; 2. - the vigou
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Table 4 The quality evaluation shee
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value of roses. Through this we can
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three meters between rows and one m
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Table 3 Fruit production of apple c
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CONCLUSIONS The production of apple
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INTRODUCTION Researches whose resul
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The spatial distribution of suitabi
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3. The most favorable for the wine
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MATERIAL AND METHOD The ecological
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CONCLUSIONS The ecological index ca
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of rose wines differing according t
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The changes of color components are
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Blending means - beyond the combina
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The V[p,s] property values for the
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No major changes of the hierarchy a
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another essential condition: the ca
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having a fish tradition, for a cons
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The environment conditions may favo
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Fig. 1 - Chemical formula of vitami
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substances with a protective role d
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~ Is allergic activities (www.trata
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and Grădinariu G, 2000), cherry pr
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Fruits moisture ranged between 79.6
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5. The data obtained, are within th
Page 320 and 321: Plums contain large quantities of s
Page 322 and 323: Regarding the fact that all cultiva
Page 324 and 325: other compounds, while at the Dâmb
Page 326 and 327: statistic-mathematical multi-variat
Page 328 and 329: In order to ensure more fidelity in
Page 330 and 331: INTRODUCTION Climate change has an
Page 332 and 333: Fig. 2 - TblClima table structure T
Page 334 and 335: and provides information on phenolo
Page 336 and 337: INTRODUCTION It is a common knowled
Page 338 and 339: A tendency towards enhancement of l
Page 340 and 341: At the same time, the results of yi
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Page 346 and 347: Suite aux dégustations organolépt
Page 348 and 349: wines. A fourth variety, Gewürtztr
Page 350 and 351: The highest quantities are found in
Page 352 and 353: CONCLUSIONS 1. In Tămâioasă rom
Page 354 and 355: INTRODUCTION The physical-chemical
Page 356 and 357: N o Technologi cal variant Alcoho l
Page 358 and 359: REFERENCES 1. Cotea D.V., 1985 - Tr
Page 360 and 361: asic wine and the yeasts triggering
Page 362 and 363: Fig. 2 - Dynamics of reducing sugar
Page 364 and 365: Pressure was determined since the 1
Page 366 and 367: character that may be frequently fo
Page 368 and 369: To totally eliminate the germs of b
Page 372 and 373: Influence of technological phases o
Page 374 and 375: Table 4 Losses of vitamin C recorde
Page 376 and 377: ascorbic, E301 sodium ascorbate, E3
Page 378 and 379: anthocyanin pigments, flavonoids, t
Page 380 and 381: economically speaking, due to very
Page 382 and 383: REFERENCES 1. Adams J. B., 1973 - T
Page 384 and 385: with ascorbic acid are major antiox
Page 386 and 387: cabbages, which have antioxidant ac
Page 388 and 389: 5. Correlation between total phenol
Page 390 and 391: MATERIAL AND METHOD Experiences wer
Page 392 and 393: compared to the control and lowest
Page 394 and 395: and development, increased producti
Page 396 and 397: Conversely, the cost increases and
Page 398 and 399: CONCLUSIONS 1. In the central area
Page 400 and 401: INTRODUCTION The physical degradati
Page 402 and 403: The laboratory test rig has the fol
Page 404 and 405: Acknowledgements. The laboratory te
Page 406 and 407: Factor B = NITROGEN (kg N / ha): b1
Page 408 and 409: Table 3 Influence of nitrogen and p
Page 410 and 411: 4. Regarding the influence of incre
Page 412 and 413: the two objective and important cha
Page 414 and 415: - very hard summer consistency on s
Page 416 and 417: weather and antropic factors of the
Page 418 and 419: Wander and co., 2002 considers that
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Ecological climatic factors Average
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7. Januszek K, 1999 - Actywnosc enz
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using the most suitable rootstocks
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Soil porosity. Large pore diverse l
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low, which does not influence the d
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2005, 2009 a, 2009 b, Borza I. et a
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Table 5 The total water consumption
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CONCLUSIONS 1. At unirrigated potat
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irrigation systems the paper studie
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The crop coefficients (Kc) for the
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for respectively month. The differe
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MATERIAL AND METHOD In order to per
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In order to facilitate the access o
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The water sources absorbed by the b
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compaction of the cultivated horizo
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machinery wheals, we can observe a
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CONCLUSIONS 1. The increase of the
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These compounds are efficient in co
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CONCLUSIONS The fight against this
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INTRODUCTION Timis River, the riche
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Gavojdia sampling point is located
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0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0 0.0
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Recording as changes in the structu
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The earthworms species collected in
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In the Farm Rediu Iasi from table 3
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36 63 472 82 Vasile Adamachi Rediu
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gathered from May to July. Gatherin
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-on first harvest on 26.05 I collec
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6 06.06 Folicur Actelic 7 13.06 Cla
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MATERIAL AND METHOD The biological
Page 482 and 483:
The differences from the three-year
Page 484 and 485:
The analysis of data recorded in ta
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Nr. Phenologic phase 1 White button
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It has taken this choice, because i
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et al., 2007) and convert the dange
Page 494 and 495:
According to data from table 3 the
Page 496 and 497:
MATERIAL AND METHOD The experiences
Page 498 and 499:
From the second year of culture, pl
Page 500 and 501:
During this study it has been found
Page 502 and 503:
MATERIAL AND METHOD The two farms s
Page 504 and 505:
The project contains these measures
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and of downstream dams that, beginn
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and urban creations, we link this w
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Also, he is one of the first creato
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3. In the development of such proje
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archeological signs with the urbani
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As long as the towns of medieval Mo
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in the palace, centrally located, o
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the job or to other interest points
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The modernization of these public m
Page 524 and 525:
CONCLUSIONS The concept represents
Page 526 and 527:
1975; Enache I., 2002). Research co
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Fig.3 - Analysis of the model As a
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made of plastic (for economic model
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The simplicity of the effect is alw
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a) Pyrus calleryana b) Pyrus amygda
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The quantity of colour plays an imp
Page 538 and 539:
unique, colourful foliage, like the
Page 540 and 541:
Another decorative specie is Japane
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foliage greens, but in other colour
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imagination was regarded as having
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specific way of interpreting realit
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MATERIAL AND METHOD The plant mater
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following varieties in the South of
Page 552 and 553:
contents of the above compounds is
Page 554 and 555:
a number of about 40 ample windthro
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Fig. 2 - EEF index values before wi
Page 558 and 559:
ecoprotective effectiveness is main
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independence, too (Adams S. et al.,
Page 562 and 563:
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Results of
Page 564 and 565:
2,3°C the specific cost is 16,07
Page 566 and 567:
INTRODUCTION Dealu Bujorului vineya
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In August, when the grape vine begi
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So, the wines made by maceration-fe
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Forest "Dumbrava Sibiului" in 1900-
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Family P A P I L I O N I D A E Genu
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thousands of collection of this dat
Page 578:
Editorial Consultant: Vasile VÎNTU
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LUCRĂRI ŞTIINŢIFICE Vol. 54 NR. 2 SERIA HORTICULTURĂ

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