Fighter Combat - Tactics and Maneuvering

ONE-VERSUS-ONE MANEUVERING, SIMILAR AIRCRAFT 107
pilot should monitor his adversary's turn performance carefully, using his
own performance as a standard. By maintaining the slowest possible speed
consistent with vertical-maneuvering potential, the energy fighter will
keep its turn radius tight, minimizing any angular advantage that the
bogey may gain in the nose-to-nose turns. Even if the bogey is faster, it may
still be able to gain a good bite on the energy fighter during the first turn by
using max-G; but further significant improvement in the bogey's position
during successive nose-to-nose turns will require its pilot to reduce the
bogey's airspeed to below that of the energy fighter.
Once the bogey has gained a position advantage by pulling high G in the
nose-to-nose turn, there is a very strong temptation for its pilot to continue
this tactic to increase his advantage, resulting in rapid deceleration. The
energy tactician can monitor this process by noting the bogey's angular
advantage at each pass. In general, the larger the bogey's angular position
gain at each pass, the greater the speed differential between the fighters
will be. Large bogey gains (20° to 30°) indicate a substantial speed advantage
for the energy fighter. Smaller angular gains (10° or less), however,
could mean only minimal speed differential. In this case the adversary is
displaying sound tactical judgment, hoping eventually to achieve a snapshot
position or to force the energy fiighter up with only a small energy
advantage, as described in the angles-fight discussion. In such a case the
pilot of the energy fighter might consider exiting the fight by use of a
nose-to-tail type extension (Figure 2-18) before his opponent has gained too
great a position advantage. It doesn't pay to pick on the "Red Baron."
The smallest amount of vanity is fatal in aeroplane fighting. Self-distrust
rather is the quality to which many a pilot owes his protracted existence.
Captain Edward V. "Eddie" Rickenbacker, USAS
Leading U.S. Ace, WW-I
26 Victories
Assessment of the opponent's angular advantage is a matter of comparing
relative nose positions. The easiest time to do this is when the bogey is
pointed at the energy fighter. At this time the angle off the bogey's nose
(AON) is zero, and its angular advantage is equal to the energy fighter's
AON. So if, after the first nose-to-nose turn, the pilot of the energy fighter
looks at his one o'clock or eleven o'clock position and sees the bogey's nose
pointed directly at him, the opponent has about a 30° advantage. The
energy tactician should continue to turn toward his opponent (although
not precisely in-plane while the bogey has sufficient snapshot lead) until
the bogey approaches the six o'clock region. An earlier reversal gives away
flight-path separation, resulting in an increased angular gain for the bogey
on the next pass without attendant speed reduction.
Assuming the bogey is improving its position rapidly with each turn,
the pilot of the energy fighter should continue the nose-to-nose process
until his opponent achieves between 60° and 90° of angular advantage, after
which time a wings-level pull-up is initiated as the bogey crosses behind
the energy fighter. If the bogey continues in a fairly level maneuver, the
energy tactician then can force a rolling scissors with advantage, since his