Caring for Pollinators - Bundesamt für Naturschutz

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Tschapka Fact sheet pollinators: Bats (Chiroptera) Bats and pollinated crops Bat-pollinated plants are utilized by humans in many ways, ranging from fruits like durian and bananas, to fibres and trees cultivated <strong>for</strong> their wood. Occasionally, generalist bats of the genus Glossophaga carry in their fur also pollen from some cultivated plants where they probably do not contribute much to pollination, but just opportunistically exploit insect – pollinated flowers, e.g. coconut (Cocos nucifera) or papaya (Carica papaya). Examples are: Fruits Other: Durio zibethinus (Bombacaceae), Durian, O Agave tequilana (Agavaceae), Tequila, N Musa spp. (Musaceae), Banana, O Agave sisalana (Agavaceae), Sisal, N Stenocereus spp. (Cactaceae), Pitaya, N Ceiba pentandra, (Bombacaceae), Kapok, O & N Anacardium occidentale (Anacardiaceae), Cashew N 179 Crescentia cujete (Bignoniaceae), Calabash tree, N Matisia cordata (Bombacaceae), Zapote, N Bombacopsis quinata (Bombacaceae), wood, N Syzygium jambos (Myrtaceae), Malay apple, O Ochroma pyramidale (Bombacaceae), wood, N The letters N (New World) and O (Old World) in the table indicate the natural occurrence of the mentioned species in the respective regions. However, bat-pollinated plants transferred from one region to the other will frequently get visits from non-coevolved flower-visiting bats, e.g. the Old World species Musa spp. and Kigelia aethiopica are in the New World readily visited by glossophagine bats. Bats and biodiversity of wild plants While bats pollinate certainly fewer plants than most insect groups, they may play especially in dry habitats an important role as valuable long-distance pollinators that may cover up to 100 km during just a single night (Horner et al. 1998). Some examples of families with bat pollinated species are: Family Selected genera and species: Bignoniaceae Crescentia alata, C. cujete, Kigelia spp., Parmentiera spp. Bombacaceae Bombacopsis quinata, Pseudobombax ellipticum, Ceiba spp., Matisia spp., Adansonia digitata Bromeliaceae Werauhia (Vriesea) spp. Cactaceae Stenocereus spp., Pachycereus spp., Carnegia gigantea, Weberocereus spp. Capparaceae Cleome spp., Crataeva spp., Capparis spp. Caesalpiniaceae Bauhinia spp., Hymenaea courbaril Fabaceae Mucuna spp., Erythrina spp.
Tschapka Fact sheet pollinators: Bats (Chiroptera) Malvaceae Abutilon spp., Wercklea spp. Mimosaceae Inga spp., Parkia spp., Calliandra spp. Musaceae Musa spp., incl. many cultivated varieties Solanaceae Merinthopodium spp., Solandra spp., Trianaea spp. General summaries on chiropterophily and bat pollinated plants are found in Dobat & Peikert-Holle (1985), Helversen (1993) and Tschapka & Dressler (2002). A review by Fujita & Tuttle (1991) focuses particularly on Old World pteropodid bats’ interactions with plants. A valuable online resource is the regularly updated database on Neotropical bat / plant interactions (Geiselman et al. 2002). Specific remarks Bats are in many regions of the earth threatened indirectly by habitat conversion but also directly by destruction of their roosting places. The New World frugivorous and nectarivorous species are frequently confused with vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus, Phyllostomidae: Desmodontinae) that regularly drink blood from livestock and may even transmit dangerous diseases, such as rabies. In consequence, many people project the characteristics of these potentially harmful species on all bat species, kill them whenever they find them and destroy encountered bat roosts. Environmental education initiatives are essential to overcome these misbelieves and to secure the bats´ pollination services <strong>for</strong> the future. Web links GEISELMAN, C.K., MORI, S.A. & F. BLANCHARD (2002 onwards). Database of Neotropical Bat/Plant Interactions. http://www.nybg.org/botany/tlobova/mori/batsplants/database/dbase_frameset.htm (accessed 9.12.08) Authors' address: Dr. Marco Tschapka, Institute f. Experimental Ecology – Biology III, University of Ulm Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89069 Ulm, Germany, email: Marco.Tschapka@uni-ulm.de, Website: http://www.uni-ulm.de/index.php?id=7894 180
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Caring for Pollinators Safeguarding
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Cover picture: Fruit basket with it
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Vorwort Blütenbestäuber nehmen ei
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L.E. NEWSTROM-LLOYD, J. COOPER, N.J
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Ssymank, Hamm, Vischer-Leopold & Wi
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Ssymank, Hamm, Vischer-Leopold & Wi
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Collette International Perspektive
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Dias The Brazilian Pollinators Init
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Roubik Small bees have a big job 2.
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Roubik Small bees have a big job Au
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Ssymank & Kearns Flies - Pollinator
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Ruggiero, Adams, Saraiva North and
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Gikungu, Hagen, Kraemer An overview
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Steffan-Dewenter Pollinator decline
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Ssymank Highlights - Zusammenfassun
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Programme: 18:15 h Opening by AXEL
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