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44.3 Orally bioavailable quercetin is effective as single and adjunct treatment for pancreatic cancer in vitro and in vivo E. Angst 1,2 , C. Kim-Fuchs 1 , R. Kaderli 1 , B. Gloor 1 , D. Candinas 1 , G. Eibl 2 , H. Reber 2 , O. Hines 2 ( 1 Berne, 2 Los Angeles/USA) Objective: Polyphenols are common constituents of many fruits and vegetables, and have recently gained interest as potential therapeutic agents for various human malignancies. The most abundant of these polyphenols are flavonoids – quercetin being the most ubiquitous. The aim of this study was to assess the therapeutic properties of quercetin on pancreatic cancer (PaCa) in vitro and in vivo. Methods: We used MiaPaCa-2 (Mia) and BxPC-3 (Bx) PaCa cell lines. Proliferation was assessed by cell counts and cell death by flow cytometry. The intracellular inhibition of CXCL8 mRNA was quantified by qRTPCR and the secretion of the protein by ELISA. The feeding study was performed with oral supplementation of 1% quercetin in an orthotopic xenograft model of PaCa in nude mice with Luciferaseexpressing Mia cells. Half of the mice were treated with gemcitabine 120 mg/kg ip weekly. Real-time bioluminescent imaging was performed in an IVIS 100 Imaging System and Living Image ® 2.50.1 software. Apoptosis was histologically evaluated by TUNEL staining. Results: We measured a dose-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation by quercetin (0-75μM) for both cell lines. Quercetin at 10 μM increased apoptosis by 22% and 8% in Mia and Bx, respectively (p
normal angiogenesis induced by cells producing high levels of hVEGF was not due to a rapid loss of expression in vivo. Conclusion: Human VEGF165 displayed a radically different dose-effect relationship compared to murine VEGF164 in a highly controlled in vivo model, inducing only normal angiogenesis despite much higher microenvironmental expression levels. These data suggest that the therapeutic window of human VEGF may be different than indicated by preclinical studies with murine VEGF, highlighting the need for rigorous safety testing in Stage I clinical trials. 44.9 Targeting mTORC2 inhibits colon cancer cell proliferation in vitro and tumor formation in vivo D. Roulin, Y. Cerantola, A. Dormond-Meuwly, N. Demartines, O. Dormond (Lausanne) Objective: The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which exists in two functionally distinct complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2, plays an important role in tumor growth. Whereas the role of mTORC1 has been well characterized in this process, little is known about the functions of mTORC2 in cancer progression. This present study aims at exploring the specific role of mTORC2 in colon cancer progression. Methods: A short hairpin RNA expression system was used to silence the mTORC2-associated protein rictor. Results: We observed that downregulation of rictor in HT29 and LS174T colon cancer cells significantly reduced cell proliferation. Knockdown of rictor also resulted in a G1 arrest as observed by cell cycle analysis. We further observed that LS174T cells deficient for rictor failed to form tumors in a nude mice xenograft model. Conclusion: Taken together, these results show that the inhibition of mTORC2 reduces colon cancer cell proliferation in vitro and tumor xenograft formation in vivo. They also suggest that specifically targeting mTORC2 may provide a novel treatment strategy for colorectal cancer. Cardiac Surgery 45 45.1 Aortic-valve sparing or aortic root replacement: experience over 48 consecutive patients P. Matt, B. Winkler, F. Rüter, M. Grapow, O. Reuthebuch, F. Eckstein (Basel) Objective: Controversy exists on how often aortic-valve sparing can be performed in case of aortic root surgery. Methods: We report our experience over 48 consecutive patients operated for aortic root disease from July 2008 to December 2009. Results: 11 (23%) patients underwent aortic-valve sparing (AVS; mean age 59.2 years; 9 males) and 37 (77%) composite-graft replacement (CG; 53.6 years; 33 males; P=0.1, P=0.8). Preoperative logistic Euroscore was 16.3 (AVS) and 21.4 (CG; P=0.4). There were 11 redo-procedures and 2 homografts (CG), no such in the AVS group. Emergent procedures were performed in 3 (AVS) and 6 (CG; P=0.7). Aortic valve regurgitation was moderate or severe in 9 (AVS) and 23 (CG; P=0.4). Aortic valve stenosis had 10 patients in the CG group, none in the AVS. Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA) was performed in 8 (AVS) and 30 (CG; P=0.8). Hemiarch and arch replacement was done in 5 and 3 AVS patients, respectively, and in 23 and 0 of those with CG. DHCA time was 17.6 min (AVS) and 24 min (CG; P=0.0). Ischemic and perfusion time was 134.8 min and 158.8 min (AVS), and 119 min and 168 min (CG; P=0.2, P=0.7). Deepest temperature was 26 degree (AVS) and 23 degree (CG; P=0.3). Intensive care unit time was 2.7 days (AVS) and 3.4 days (CG; P=0.6). Stroke occurred in 2 (AVS) and 3 (CG; P=0.6). Pneumonia or pulmonary embolism showed 1 (AVS) and 3 (CG) patients (P=1). At discharge, AVS patients showed no (n=10) or mild (n=1) aortic valve insufficiency. 30-day mortality was 0% in AVS patients, and 8% in CG patients (3 of 37, one patient died due to intestinal ischemia, two patients due to multi-organ failure). Conclusion: AVS was performed in 23% of consecutive aortic root procedures with excellent results. Operative risk of AVS and CG is low, even if combined with hemiarch or arch surgery. 45.2 Aortic root replacement with cryopreserved homografts in prosthetic valve endocarditis F. Rüter, B. Winkler, M. T. Grapow, P. Matt, O. Reuthebuch, F. Eckstein (Basel) Objective: Prosthetic valve endocarditis remains a serious disorder after aortic valve replacement (AVR) despite novel antibiotic regimens. In case of extensive abscess formation, rhythm disorders or non responding to drug therapy, surgical intervention remains as only curative treatment. For these patients, cryopreserved homografts are increasingly used for aortic root and valve replacement. Methods: We report five consecutive patients who required reoperation after AVR due to severe endocarditis. In cooperation with the European Homograft Bank (Brussels, Belgium) the homograft program has been set up according to National Health Comission standards. Infrastructure, training of staff and follow-up guidelines were established at our institute. Results: All operations were performed in full root technique, a partial replacement of the anterior mitral valve leaflet was additionally necessary in one case. All patients were included in a retrospective survey with echocardiographic and clinical checkups before discharge and 6 months postoperatively. No patient has evidence for persistent infection or required reoperation. All patients recovered to full extend. Conclusion: In prosthetic aortic valve endocarditis with annulus destruction or involvement of the anterior mitral valve leaflet, homograft aortic root replacement appears to show the best outcome and combines avoidance of anticoagulation, best hemodynamic function and resistance to infection. 45.3 Fluid dynamics in aortic valve bioprostheses: a novel approach T. Syburra, A. Landolt, T. Rösgen, D. Obrist, M. Genoni (Zurich) Objective: Calcification limits the durability of aortic valve bioprostheses. Fluid dynamical phenomena are involved as well as biochemical and mechanical phenomena. Methods: We chose an incremental constant-flow configuration (Fig. 1) to study the intrinsic flow characteristics of several 23mm bioprostheses. An electric pump generates a constant flow (0.5 to 90 l/min) with a 36.6% glycerine-water solution. The pressure drop over the valve is recorded and the cusps’ positions are captured with a high-speed camera (Fig. 2). Results: In Figure 3 pressure loss and opening area for the valves is plotted as a function of the flow rates. Figure 4 shows the pressure drop against maximum bulk flow velocity u, given by u=Q/A of flow rate Q and opening area A. The curves for bovine pericardial valves collapse to a single curve. For these valves, the pressure drop p is only a function of the bulk velocity u=Q/A: Δp = f(u). Conclusion: There appears to be a general relation between the pressure drop and the maximum bulk flow velocity for certain bovine pericardial bioprostheses. It suggests that the transvalvular pressure drop is mainly a function of the maximum bulk flow velocity and not of the flow rate. Valves should be designed to yield large opening areas already at low flow rates minimizing the bulk flow velocity. �� Figure 1. Schematic of the experimental set-up �� Figure 2. Camera image of the partially (right) open Edwards Magna �� swiss knife 2010; 7: special edition 41 � �� Figure 3. Pressure loss and opening area against flow rate �
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Page 5 and 6: Abstracts Session Topic Page 02 Vis
Page 7 and 8: Visceral Surgery - Cholecystitis &
Page 9 and 10: performed were recorded. Descriptiv
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Page 13 and 14: group (conventional: n=13, RS=1.8 +
Page 15 and 16: time-efficient all-in-one 3D visual
Page 17 and 18: (CHI=54 [6.49%]; SWI=27[4.98%]) wer
Page 19 and 20: Conclusion: Both procedures markedl
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Page 23 and 24: of the remaining 40 patients with a
Page 25 and 26: and 6/2009 and were prospectively f
Page 27 and 28: Conclusion: In our patient cohort,
Page 29 and 30: plantation. With the introduction o
Page 31 and 32: Results: SLN negative patients were
Page 33 and 34: Conclusion: This is the first study
Page 35 and 36: were grouped into four age groups a
Page 37 and 38: gain up to the 20 th procedure (Fig
Page 39: ��
Page 43 and 44: 52.4 Sham-feeding of patients with
Page 45 and 46: Methods: Erfasst wurden Aggressions
Page 47 and 48: Conclusion: Pharmacological inhibit
Page 49 and 50: 54.19 Gene chip analysis of A20 exp
Page 51 and 52: 55.10 Optimized intrapleural cispla
Page 53 and 54: 62.7 Posttraumatic symptomatic cyst
Page 55 and 56: Conclusion: Only patients older 75
Page 57 and 58: no sign of occlusion. No further th
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Page 65 and 66: formed 5 months later, again with a
Page 67 and 68: 99.16 3-D endo-stomal ultrasound (
Page 69 and 70: tional recanalization. Conclusion:
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Page 77 and 78: 99.64 Traumatic abdominal wall hern
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Page 85 and 86: Meyer Antoine, Dr., Hôpital canton
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